煤基混合碳四烃分离工艺的模拟与优化

发布时间：2018-03-02 23:31

本文选题：煤基混合碳四　切入点：流程模拟　出处：《华东理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着近年来煤制烯烃技术的不断发展以及相应的工业装置不断投入运行,其副产的混合碳四烃类的产能已相当可观。如何更好地利用好这部分碳四资源,根据其组成开发设计出其分离和深加工的综合利用方案,对于提升煤制烯烃项目的整体经济效益有着十分重要的作用。本文依托Aspen Plus软件平台并结合Matlab软件在化工计算中的应用,以获得高纯度的正丁烯为目标对煤基混合碳四的分离工艺进行了模拟与优化。基于煤基混合碳四自身组成上的特点,该分离工艺共分为3个操作单元,分别是丁二烯加氢单元、甲基叔丁基醚(MTBE)单元以及丁烯提浓单元。在模拟过程中,根据不同单元中的物系特点,依次选用基于PR方程的状态方程法以及基于NRTL-RK模型的活度系数法等热力学方法进行模拟计算。在各单元的模拟过程中,分别选定不同的目标变量对各单元设备进行工艺参数的分析和优化,得到较优的工艺参数。其中,在MTBE单元中,对预醚化反应器建立了列管式固定床下的一维拟均相模型,该模型通过Matlab软件采用Runge-Kutta法求解,并分析了醚化反应精馏过程的相关特性；在丁烯提浓单元中,对于实验方案中得到的C4-NMP物系的NRTL方程中的模型参数进行了模拟验证,并分析了NMP溶剂萃取精馏分离丁烷、丁烯混合物过程中对混合碳四中各组分的相对挥发度的影响。通过全流程的稳态模拟模型的建立,以及循环收敛的计算,最终得到了质量浓度为99.8%,收率为99.5%的正丁烯组分。采用目前广泛应用的Sulzer Mellapak 250Y型填料,对于丁烯提浓单元中的萃取精馏塔和溶剂回收塔进行了填料设计和校核,通过模拟计算得到了两塔的塔径、最大负荷以及表观流速等相关数据,为后续的设备的工艺设计提供了依据。另外,依托Aspen Energy Analyzer软件,采用夹点技术完成了煤基混合碳四分离工艺的全流程的换热网络的优化设计,得到了总年度费用指数较低的热集成方案以及相应的设备投资费用指数、操作费用指数、最大公用工程用量等相关换热网络参数。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of olefin production technology from coal in recent years and the continuous operation of corresponding industrial units, the production capacity of mixed carbon-4 hydrocarbons produced by its by-products has been considerable. How to make better use of this part of carbon four resources, According to its composition, the comprehensive utilization scheme of its separation and deep processing is designed and developed. This paper relies on the Aspen Plus software platform and the application of Matlab software in chemical engineering calculation. The separation process of coal based mixed carbon 4 was simulated and optimized with the aim of obtaining high purity n-butene. Based on the characteristics of coal base mixed carbon 4 composition, the separation process was divided into three operation units, one was butadiene hydrogenation unit, the other was butadiene hydrogenation unit. The methyl tert-#china_person0# ether (MTBEE) unit and the butene thickening unit. In the simulation process, according to the characteristics of the different units, In turn, the state equation method based on PR equation and the activity coefficient method based on NRTL-RK model are selected for the simulation. Different target variables were selected to analyze and optimize the process parameters of each unit, and the optimal process parameters were obtained. In the MTBE unit, the one-dimensional quasi-homogeneous phase model of the preetherifying reactor was established under the tubular fixed bed. The model is solved by Runge-Kutta method with Matlab software, and the related characteristics of etherification reaction distillation process are analyzed, and the model parameters in the NRTL equation of C4-NMP system obtained in the experimental scheme are simulated and verified in the butene enrichment unit. The influence of NMP solvent extractive distillation on the relative volatilization of each component in the mixture of butane and butene was analyzed. The steady state simulation model of the whole process and the calculation of the cycle convergence were carried out. Finally, the n-butene component with a mass concentration of 99.8 and a yield of 99.5% was obtained. Using the Sulzer Mellapak 250Y type filler, the packing design and verification of the extraction distillation column and solvent recovery column in the butene thickening unit were carried out. The related data of tower diameter, maximum load and apparent velocity of flow are obtained by simulation calculation, which provides the basis for the process design of the subsequent equipment. In addition, it relies on Aspen Energy Analyzer software. The optimum design of heat transfer network for the whole process of coal based mixed carbon 4 separation process is completed by means of pinch technology. The heat integration scheme with lower total annual cost index and the corresponding equipment investment cost index and operating cost index are obtained. Maximum utility consumption and other related heat transfer network parameters.
【学位授予单位】：华东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ221;TQ028

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