镀锌厂工业废水中锌离子固化效果的研究

发布时间：2018-03-05 05:29

  本文选题：镀锌厂废水　切入点：锌离子　出处：《吉林农业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：电镀厂工业废水污染是现代社会发展进程中急待解决的污染问题,电镀厂周边的农田、河流、地下水等环境也遭受到了严重的污染,甚至影响了人体的健康。其中锌离子污染能够对生态环境、农田及作物、生活饮用水等产生颇为严重的影响,如果人体中锌含量超标,不仅会导致人类出现呕吐、昏迷、恶心等状况,还会出现致癌、致人死亡的风险及状况,因此电镀厂工业废水中的锌离子污染不容小觑,应得到十分的关注。因此本研究以水泥固化与石灰固化为处理电镀厂工业废水中锌离子的两种固化工艺,本试验以浓缩减量化的镀锌厂工业废水为直接研究对象,分别对不同pH的镀锌厂工业废水进行水泥固化与石灰固化处理,从固化剂添加比例、养护时间、固化温度、pH等方面进行分析研究,通过对固化块抗压强度与固化块浸出液锌离子浓度的测定来确定水泥固化工艺与石灰固化工艺的参数,试验结果表明:(1)水泥固化固化参数是镀锌厂工业废水pH为7.0、养护时间为21 d、固化温度为25℃、固化剂添加比例为60%水泥和40%蛭石,在此处理下,制得的水泥固化块抗压强度是41.8Mpa,符合GB14569.1-2011《低中水平放射性废物固体性能要求-水泥固化体》中水泥固化体试样抗压强度不应小于7Mpa的标准要求;对应的固化块浸出液锌离子浓度为0.029mg/L,远小于GB5085.3-2007《危险废物鉴别标准浸出毒性鉴别》中锌浸出浓度最大为100mg/L的标准。(2)石灰固化固化参数是镀锌厂工业废水pH为7.0、养护时间为14 d、固化温度为25℃、固化剂添加比例为60%石灰、30%水泥和10%沙砾,在此处理下,制得的石灰固化块抗压强度是3.05Mpa,固化块浸出液锌离子浓度为0.156 mg/L。(3)镀锌厂工业废水pH为7.0,水泥固化与石灰固化固化剂添加比例分别为90%水泥+10%蛭石;90%石灰+0%水泥+10%砂砾时最大废水处理量分别为330ml、700ml。(4)固化块浸出液锌离子浓度与抗压强度呈现出负极显著相关性,抗压强度越高,锌离子浓度越低,固化效果越好。(5)通过使用X-射线衍射仪确定出水泥固化块与石灰固化块中的主要矿物成分为辉石。水泥固化块抗压强度远远高于石灰固化块抗压强度,固化块浸出液锌离子浓度明显低于石灰固化块浸出液锌离子浓度。因此,建议水泥固化作为镀锌厂工业废水中锌离子的首选固化工艺。
[Abstract]:The pollution of industrial wastewater from electroplating plants is an urgent problem to be solved in the course of the development of modern society. The environment around the electroplating plants, such as farmland, rivers and groundwater, has also been seriously polluted. It even affects human health. Among them, zinc ion pollution can have a rather serious impact on the ecological environment, farmland, crops, drinking water, etc. If the human body's zinc content exceeds the standard, it will not only lead to vomiting and coma in human beings. Nausea and other conditions can also lead to carcinogenic and fatal risks and conditions. Therefore, the contamination of zinc ions in the wastewater from electroplating plants should not be underestimated. Therefore, cement solidification and lime curing are the two curing processes for the treatment of zinc ion in electroplating plant wastewater, and the concentration and reduction of zinc plating plant wastewater is the direct research object of this study. The industrial wastewater of galvanizing plant with different pH was treated by cement curing and lime curing respectively. The ratio of curing agent, curing time, curing temperature and pH were analyzed and studied. Through the determination of the compressive strength of the solidified block and the concentration of zinc ion in the leaching solution of the solidified block, the parameters of the cement curing process and the lime curing process are determined. The results show that the curing parameters of cement are pH 7.0, curing time 21 days, curing temperature 25 鈩，

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