加氢空冷器泄漏检测装置设计

发布时间：2018-03-11 21:43

本文选题：加氢空冷器　切入点：气体泄漏　出处：《浙江理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文以中石化杨子石化芳烃厂1#加氢裂化装置的空气冷却器EC102为原型,设计检测加氢空冷器泄漏的装置。目前在EC102上使用的是可燃气体检漏报警装置,而这种装置存在较大的漏检隐患,实时性也较差,且工作人员需要爬上空冷器架才可以查看气体浓度数据,这种查看方式很不方便。针对上述可燃气体检漏装置的缺陷,本文设计的检漏装置在保留气体检漏技术的基础上增加超声波检漏技术,并使超声波检漏实现加氢空冷器的全面覆盖,降低漏检发生的概率,提高检漏的实时性;运用多传感无线网络通讯技术将每个传感器采集的数据发送给安装在现场的网关,网关融合超声波信号和气体浓度信号对泄漏进行判断,提高对泄漏判断的准确度,并用LCD显示相关数据,也可将数据通过工厂网络传送至中控系统,实现现场泄漏情况的实时传送。本论文的主要内容如下:1.设计气体传感器节点和超声波传感器节点分别检测加氢空冷器发生泄漏时的两个特征信号:可燃气体信号和超声波信号。气体传感器采用催化燃烧式可燃气体传感器TGS6812-D00,设计放大电路、ZigBee电路,并编写采样、转换和发送程序,得到空气中可燃气体的浓度数据,并将浓度数据发送给汇聚节点。分析超声波检漏的原理,选择超声波传感器TC40-A18及设计超声波传感器节点位置模型,使超声波检漏实现加氢空冷器的全面覆盖,在硬件上设计超声波信号的模拟放大、滤波、程控放大电路、信号处理和ZigBee电路,软件上设计FFT变换数字信号处理程序,提取泄漏信号的特征数据,并设计无线发送程序。对气体和超声波传感器节点进行功能测试,发现气体传感器节点可以检测到可燃气体的浓度,超声波传感器节点可以提取特征信号的幅值数据。2.使用ZigBee通讯技术实现多传感器节点和汇聚节点间网络构建和数据传输。在网关上移植嵌入式Linux系统,并编写LCD驱动程序。分析融合方法中的模糊理论,并给出了气体浓度、气体浓度变化率和超声波声压级三个输入量的隶属度函数。在搭建的Linux系统上编写多传感融合应用程序,包括数据接收、数据预处理、融合判断和LCD显示。对多传感无线网络和多传感融合应用程序进行测试,发现无线网络的数据传输和多传感融合判断的功能都得到了实现。3.分析检漏装置的测试数据表明,使用多传感融合方法判断泄漏的准确度要高于仅使用单一传感器判断的准确度,多传感融合的方法有助于降低漏检事故发生的概率。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the air cooler EC102 of the 1# hydrocracking unit in Yangzi Petrochemical aromatic Plant of Sinopec is used as the prototype to design a unit to detect the leakage of the hydrogenation air cooler. At present, a flammable gas leak detection alarm unit is used on the EC102. However, this kind of device has big hidden trouble of leakage and poor real time, and the workers need to climb on the air cooler to view the gas concentration data. This kind of viewing method is very inconvenient. In view of the defects of the above-mentioned combustible gas leak detection device, The leak detection device designed in this paper adds ultrasonic leak detection technology on the basis of retaining gas leak detection technology, and makes ultrasonic leak detection realize the overall coverage of hydrogenation air cooler, reduces the probability of leak detection, and improves the real-time performance of leak detection. The multi-sensor wireless network communication technology is used to transmit the data collected by each sensor to the gateway installed in the field. The gateway combines the ultrasonic signal and the gas concentration signal to judge the leakage and improve the accuracy of the leak judgment. The data can be displayed by LCD, and the data can also be transmitted to the central control system through the factory network. The main contents of this thesis are as follows: 1. Design two characteristic signals of gas sensor node and ultrasonic sensor node to detect leakage of hydrogenation air cooler: combustible gas signal. The gas sensor uses the catalytic combustion type combustible gas sensor TGS6812-D00. the ZigBee circuit is designed to amplify the gas sensor. The sampling, conversion and sending program are written to get the concentration data of combustible gas in the air, and the concentration data are sent to the convergent node. The principle of ultrasonic leak detection is analyzed. Select the ultrasonic sensor TC40-A18 and design the ultrasonic sensor node position model, make the ultrasonic leak detection realize the overall coverage of the hydrogenation air cooler, design the analog amplification, filter and program control amplification circuit of the ultrasonic signal on the hardware, Signal processing and ZigBee circuit, software design FFT transform digital signal processing program, extract the characteristic data of leakage signal, and design wireless sending program. Test the function of gas and ultrasonic sensor node. It is found that the gas sensor node can detect the concentration of combustible gas, The ultrasonic sensor node can extract the amplitude data of the characteristic signal. The ZigBee communication technology is used to realize the network construction and data transmission between the multi-sensor node and the convergent node. The embedded Linux system is transplanted on the gateway. The fuzzy theory of fusion method is analyzed, and the membership function of gas concentration, gas concentration change rate and ultrasonic sound pressure level is given. The multi-sensor fusion application program is written on the Linux system. Including data reception, data preprocessing, fusion judgment and LCD display. Test multi-sensor wireless network and multi-sensor fusion application. It is found that the functions of wireless network data transmission and multi-sensor fusion judgment have been realized. 3. The analysis of the test data of leak detection device shows that, The accuracy of using multi-sensor fusion method to judge leakage is higher than that of only using a single sensor. The multi-sensor fusion method is helpful to reduce the probability of leakage accident.
【学位授予单位】：浙江理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ051.5

【相似文献】