改性碳纳米材料在低温燃料电池中的应用

发布时间：2018-03-14 15:38

本文选题：低温燃料电池　切入点：碳纳米材料　出处：《材料导报》2017年09期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：碳纳米材料(如炭黑、介孔碳、碳纳米管、石墨烯、碳纳米纤维、碳纳米角等)因其优异的电学性能和结构特性(良好的导电性能和超大的比表面积),被研究者广泛用作低温燃料电池贵金属催化剂的载体。然而,作为催化剂载体的这类碳纳米材料通常都存在电化学腐蚀的问题,碳载体的腐蚀通常会导致贵金属纳米催化剂的聚集,这将使催化剂的性能降低。为了改善碳载体的抗腐蚀性能,提高金属纳米粒子的活性和稳定性,许多研究工作致力于制备特殊结构的碳纳米材料,或对碳纳米材料进行表面修饰、掺杂等。与此同时,为了取代价格昂贵的贵金属催化剂,非贵金属催化剂的研究也成为一大热点,掺杂碳纳米材料就是研究热点之一。对近几年来围绕碳纳米材料制备、改性,以及这些改性碳纳米材料作为金属纳米粒子载体等的研究工作做了较为详细的综述,同时介绍了掺杂碳纳米材料作为氧还原催化剂的研究进展。
[Abstract]:Carbon nanomaterials (such as carbon black, mesoporous carbon, carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon nanofibers, Carbon nanometers are widely used as carriers for noble metal catalysts for low temperature fuel cells due to their excellent electrical properties and structural properties (good electrical conductivity and large specific surface area). The corrosion of carbon support usually leads to the aggregation of noble metal nanocatalysts. In order to improve the corrosion resistance of carbon carriers and to improve the activity and stability of metal nanoparticles, many researches have been devoted to the preparation of carbon nanomaterials with special structures. At the same time, in order to replace the expensive noble metal catalyst, the research of non-precious metal catalyst has become a hot spot. In recent years, the preparation and modification of carbon nanomaterials, as well as the research work of these modified carbon nanomaterials as metal nanoparticles are reviewed in detail. The research progress of doped carbon nanomaterials as oxygen reduction catalysts was also reviewed.
【作者单位】：湖南大学化学化工学院化学生物传感与计量学国家重点实验室;
【基金】：湖南省自然科学基金(13JJ5018) 国家级大学生创新训练计划(201510532035)
【分类号】：O643.36;TM911.4

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