超细锌酸钙制备及性能研究

发布时间：2018-03-14 18:31

本文选题：锌镍电池　切入点：锌酸钙　出处：《西安科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国提出优化运输能源消费结构,加大新能源、清洁能源车辆在城市公交和客货运输领域的应用。而锌镍电池具备绿色环保的特点,因而得到了广泛的研究。锌镍电池具有较高的工作电压、较高的能量密度、使用安全和造价低等优点,具备了作为电动汽车电池的条件。对于锌镍电池的研究开始于100多年前,但由于使用过程中出现的锌枝晶、溶解及钝化和毒害镍正极等问题,成为锌镍电池市场化应用的障碍。本论文以锌盐在碱性电解液中的溶解性较小的特性为出发点,采用悬浮液反应法在不同条件下用氧化锌和氢氧化钙反应制备锌酸钙,并对其性能进行研究。采用悬浮液反应法在不同温度、不同表面活性剂、不同碱浓度的条件下制备锌酸钙,并研究了上述相关条件对锌酸钙形貌、粒径、收率的影响,采用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射分析(XRD)、热重分析和粒径分析等手段对锌酸钙样品进行了表征分析。结果表明,通过XRD和热重分析,可以证实我们成功地制备了锌酸钙。制备温度、KOH浓度、表面活性剂对锌酸钙的形貌、收率和粒径均有影响。采用EDTA滴定法考察了溶解温度、溶解时间、介质浓度、锌酸钙粒径、锌酸钙制备温度和表面活性剂对锌酸钙在KOH溶液/NaOH溶液中溶解性的影响,并对不同条件制备的锌酸钙样品进行电化学性能研究。结果表明,锌酸钙在KOH溶液/NaOH溶液中溶解性随着溶解温度的升高而增大;随着溶解时间的增加先增大后趋于饱和;随着介质浓度的增大而增大;随着锌酸钙粒径的增大而减小;随着锌酸钙制备温度的升高而增大。通过对比锌酸钙样品和氧化锌作为负极模拟电池的放电平台以及容量保持率,发现锌酸钙作为负极无论是在放电平台还是充放电容量保持率均优于氧化锌。
[Abstract]:In recent years, China has proposed to optimize the energy consumption structure of transportation, increase the application of new energy and clean energy vehicles in the field of urban public transport and passenger and freight transportation, while the zinc-nickel battery has the characteristics of green and environmental protection. Therefore, Zn-Ni battery has been widely studied. It has the advantages of high working voltage, high energy density, safe use and low cost, and has been used as a condition for electric vehicle battery. The research on Zn-Ni battery began more than 100 years ago. However, due to the problems of zinc dendrite, dissolution, passivation and poisoning of nickel positive electrode in the process of use, it is an obstacle to the market-oriented application of zinc nickel battery. In this paper, the characteristics of zinc salt solubility in alkaline electrolyte are taken as the starting point. Calcium zincate was prepared by the reaction of zinc oxide with calcium hydroxide under different conditions by suspension reaction, and its properties were studied. Calcium zincate was prepared under different alkali concentrations. The effects of the above conditions on the morphology, particle size and yield of calcium zincate were studied. The samples of calcium zincate were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry (TG) and particle size analysis (TGA). The results showed that the samples were characterized by XRD and thermogravimetric analysis. It can be proved that we have successfully prepared calcium zincate. The preparation temperature and concentration of Koh, surfactant have influence on the morphology, yield and particle size of calcium zincate. The dissolution temperature, dissolution time, concentration of medium and particle size of calcium zinc acid have been investigated by EDTA titration. The effects of preparation temperature and surfactant on the solubility of calcium zincate in KOH solution / NaOH solution were studied. The electrochemical properties of calcium zincate samples prepared under different conditions were studied. The solubility of calcium zincate in KOH solution / NaOH solution increases with the increase of dissolution temperature, increases first with the increase of dissolution time and then tends to saturation, increases with the increase of medium concentration, decreases with the increase of particle size of calcium zincate. With the increase of preparation temperature of calcium zincate, the discharge platform and the capacity retention of the cathode simulated battery were compared with the sample of calcium zincate and zinc oxide. It is found that calcium zincate is superior to zinc oxide in both discharge platform and charge-discharge capacity retention as negative electrode.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ132.32

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