油页岩渣全固废绿色微晶玻璃制备研究

发布时间：2018-03-22 13:35

  本文选题：油页岩渣　切入点：全固废　出处：《山东建筑大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国是石油消耗大国,但自身储量有限,大部分依靠进口。油页岩作为一种非常规油气资源,不仅可以用于提炼页岩油还可以燃烧发电,是一种很好的替代资源。近几年国家加大了对油页岩的开发利用,同时产生了大量的油页岩废渣,这些废渣的二次利用率较低,绝大部分进行就地堆积,不仅占用了土地资源还对当地的生态环境造成了严重的破坏。本文以油页岩渣为主要原料,加入电石渣和添加剂,利用高温熔融法制备全固废微晶玻璃,不仅能够解决油页岩渣和电石渣环保问题,还具有良好的社会和经济效益。本文研究油页岩渣全固废绿色微晶玻璃的制备,要求原料100%为固体废弃物,制备过程节能环保不产生二次污染。本实验通过基础玻璃的DTA曲线来确定油页岩渣微晶玻璃的热处理制度;利用XRD观察微晶玻璃试样的晶相组成;利用SEM观察微晶玻璃试样的微观结构,最后测试样品的抗折强度、密度、耐腐蚀性和显微硬度。实验结果表明:油页岩渣含量为75%、电石渣含量为15%、添加剂含量10%的3#配比微晶玻璃样品具有最好的性能,得到的油页岩渣微晶玻璃的主晶相为普通辉石和绿辉石相,次晶相为霓石和透辉石。在配方研究的基础上,采用正交实验法对油页岩渣微晶玻璃的热处理制度进行了实验研究,结果表明:适合3#配比油页岩渣微晶玻璃的最佳热处理制度为核化温度785℃、核化时间120min、晶化温度935℃、晶化时间90min。热处理制度各因素对油页岩渣微晶玻璃性能影响的主次顺序为:核化温度晶化时间核化时间晶化温度。随着核化温度的升高或者晶化时间的延长,微晶玻璃试样的性能呈先升高后降低的趋势。核化温度主要影响形核过程,控制晶粒数量;晶化时间主要影响晶粒长大过程,控制晶粒尺寸。不合理的核化温度和晶化时间会导致油页岩渣微晶玻璃的析晶不完整和缺陷,降低微晶玻璃的性能。本文通过研究得出:最佳热处理制度下油页岩渣微晶玻璃的抗折强度为182.7MPa,显微硬度为895MPa,在酸溶液中的质量损失率为0.16%,在碱溶液中的质量损失率为0.18%,达到或超过建筑装饰用微晶玻璃板材的行业标准,可以推广应用。
[Abstract]:China is a large oil consuming country, but its reserves are limited, and most of its reserves depend on imports. As an unconventional oil and gas resource, oil shale can be used not only to refine shale oil but also to burn and generate electricity. It is a good alternative resource. In recent years, the state has increased the development and utilization of oil shale, and at the same time produced a large amount of oil shale waste residue. The secondary utilization ratio of these wastes is relatively low, and most of them are accumulated locally. It not only occupies the land resources, but also causes serious damage to the local ecological environment. In this paper, oil shale slag is used as the main raw material, calcium carbide slag and additives are added to prepare the solid waste glass-ceramics by high temperature melting method. It can not only solve the environmental protection problems of oil shale slag and carbide slag, but also have good social and economic benefits. In this paper, the preparation of green glass-ceramics with solid waste of oil shale slag is studied, which requires 100% of raw material to be solid waste. In this experiment, the heat treatment process of oil shale slag glass-ceramics was determined by the DTA curve of the base glass, and the crystal phase composition of the glass-ceramics sample was observed by XRD. The microstructure of glass-ceramics samples was observed by SEM, and the flexural strength and density of the samples were tested. Corrosion resistance and microhardness. The experimental results show that: the oil shale slag content is 75%, carbide slag content is 15%, additive content is 10%, the proportion of glass-ceramics sample has the best performance, the content of oil shale slag is 75%, calcium carbide slag content is 15%, additive content is 10%. The main crystalline phases of the obtained glass-ceramics are ordinary pyroxene and omphacite, while the secondary phase is aegirite and diopside. Based on the study of the formula, the heat treatment process of oil shale slag glass-ceramics was studied by orthogonal experiment. The results show that the optimum heat treatment conditions are as follows: nucleation temperature 785 鈩，

本文编号：1648879