天然气净化厂硫磺回收单元运行风险评价技术研究

发布时间：2018-04-10 12:11

本文选题：硫磺回收 + 运行风险　；参考：《西南石油大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着含硫天然气处理量的增多,石化行业硫磺回收单元的建设量也随之增长,硫磺回收单元能否安、稳、优运转直接影响着整个净化厂环保排放与经济效益,因此保证其安全运行就显得越来越重要。硫磺回收单元运行中发生的故障虽然不能直接导致天然气净化厂发生火灾、爆炸等事故,但若不及时预测及控制小的隐患,隐患将有可能演变成严重事故。基于此,本文将运行风险评价理念运用于硫磺回收单元中,通过将评价时间节点向前推移至发生事故之前而保障硫磺回收单元安全运行。首先,通过对净化厂硫磺回收工艺流程的分析,按故障模式将其分为4种故障类型,分别为尾气排放超标故障、硫磺质量不合格故障、非计划停工故障以及停工过程安全隐患故障。采用故障树分析法对4种典型故障类型的风险因素进行辨识,并根据运行情况建立故障发生可能性评价指标体系。其次,确定属性空间矩阵并进行有序分割,根据所计算得到的属性测度并利用置信度准则对故障模式进行识别,得到各故障发生可能性等级。其中,为了克服单一赋权法的片面性,采用客观赋权的变异系数法和主观赋权的ANP法组合赋权。在对故障类型分析总结的基础上,建立硫磺回收单元运行故障后果严重度指标体系,并采用基于中心点的三角白化权函数对故障后果严重度进行分析,分别得到4种故障的后果严重度等级。最后,根据以上研究内容以四川省某天然气净化厂硫磺回收单元为例进行评价,评价结果符合目前硫磺回收单元运行现状。为了降低硫磺回收单元运行风险水平,本文对天然气净化厂硫磺回收单元运行风险控制方法进行了初步研究。从技术手段、人为因素和管理层面进行风险控制方法研究,并提出了具体的风险缓解措施,从而确保硫磺回收安全运行。
[Abstract]:With the increase of the treatment capacity of sulfur-containing natural gas, the construction of sulfur recovery unit in petrochemical industry also increases. Whether the sulfur recovery unit is safe, stable and excellent operation directly affects the environmental protection emissions and economic benefits of the whole purification plant.Therefore, it is more and more important to ensure its safe operation.Although failure occurred in the operation of sulfur recovery unit can not directly lead to fire explosion and other accidents in the natural gas purification plant but if small hidden dangers are not predicted and controlled in time the hidden dangers may become serious accidents.Based on this, this paper applies the concept of operational risk assessment to sulfur recovery unit, and ensures the safe operation of sulfur recovery unit by moving the evaluation time node forward to the accident.First of all, through the analysis of sulfur recovery process in purification plant, according to the fault mode, it can be divided into four kinds of fault types, that is, the failure of tail gas emission exceeding the standard, the failure of sulfur quality being unqualified.Non-scheduled shutdown and failure of safety hazards during shutdown.The risk factors of four typical fault types are identified by using fault tree analysis method, and the evaluation index system of fault occurrence possibility is established according to the operation conditions.Secondly, the attribute space matrix is determined and sequentially partitioned. According to the calculated attribute measure and the confidence degree criterion, the fault pattern is identified, and the probability level of each fault is obtained.In order to overcome the one-sidedness of the single weight method, the objective weight method and the subjective weight ANP method are adopted.On the basis of analyzing and summarizing the fault types, a fault consequence severity index system of sulfur recovery unit is established, and the center point based triangular whitening weight function is used to analyze the fault consequence severity.The degree of consequence severity of 4 kinds of faults is obtained respectively.Finally, the sulfur recovery unit of a natural gas purification plant in Sichuan Province was evaluated according to the above research contents, and the evaluation results were in accordance with the current operating situation of the sulfur recovery unit.In order to reduce the operating risk level of sulfur recovery unit, the risk control method of sulfur recovery unit in natural gas purification plant was studied in this paper.The methods of risk control are studied from the aspects of technology, human factors and management, and the concrete risk mitigation measures are put forward to ensure the safe operation of sulfur recovery.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TE644;TQ125.11

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