非晶非贵金属催化剂的研究进展及展望（英文）

发布时间：2018-04-10 13:23

本文选题：非晶催化剂 + 非贵金属材料　；参考：《催化学报》2017年06期

【摘要】：近年来电解水产氢作为一种具有前景的制备及储存可再生能源的方法受到了各界的广泛关注.在此过程中,电解水催化剂是提高能源转换效率的关键.优秀的催化剂应具备高催化活性、高稳定性、低成本以及可大规模生产等性质.科研工作者对电解水的两部分反应,即析氢反应以及析氧反应均进行了广泛及深入的研究.目前,贵金属催化剂,如铂基、钌基催化剂的催化活性要高于其他元素催化剂,但由于其价格昂贵,储量较少使得贵金属催化剂无法得到大规模应用,因此发展非贵金属催化剂对绿色能源的发展具有重要意义.一般而言,催化剂的结晶度越高,其催化活性越好,而近年来非晶催化剂以其更高的催化活性位密度也越来越受到人们的重视.同时,非晶催化剂的成分更加灵活,相比晶体催化剂来说非晶催化剂可以在更大范围内对成分进行调节.此外,非晶催化剂的制备通常都在较为温和的反应条件下进行,这也能够降低生成成本,促进其工业化发展.在这篇综述里我们介绍了电解水反应的基本原理,总结了近期非晶析氢、析氧以及双功能催化剂的研究进展.并随后探讨了电解水反应目前的难点并对非晶催化剂的制备进行了展望.
[Abstract]:In recent years, electrolytic aquatic hydrogen as a promising method of preparation and storage of renewable energy has received extensive attention from all walks of life.In this process, electrolytic water catalyst is the key to improve energy conversion efficiency.Excellent catalysts should have high catalytic activity, high stability, low cost and mass production.Researchers have carried out extensive and in-depth studies on the two-part reactions of electrolytic water, that is, hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution.At present, the catalytic activity of noble metal catalysts, such as platinum-based and ruthenium catalysts, is higher than that of other elemental catalysts, but because of their high price and small reserves, noble metal catalysts cannot be applied on a large scale.Therefore, the development of non-noble metal catalysts is of great significance to the development of green energy.Generally speaking, the higher the crystallinity of the catalyst, the better its catalytic activity. In recent years, the amorphous catalyst has been paid more and more attention for its higher active density.At the same time, the composition of amorphous catalyst is more flexible, compared with crystal catalyst, amorphous catalyst can adjust the composition in a larger range.In addition, the preparation of amorphous catalysts is usually carried out under mild reaction conditions, which can also reduce the production cost and promote the industrial development of amorphous catalysts.In this review, the basic principle of electrolytic water reaction is introduced, and the recent progress in amorphous hydrogen evolution, oxygen evolution and bifunctional catalysts is summarized.The current difficulties of electrolytic water reaction were discussed and the preparation of amorphous catalyst was prospected.
【作者单位】：昆士兰科技大学物理化学及机械工程系;天津大学材料科学与工程学院;
【基金】：the financial support from Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC) the support from Australian Research Council (ARC) Future Fellowship scheme
【分类号】：O643.36;TQ116.21

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