基于新型碳纳米材料的酶及生物碱电化学传感技术研究

发布时间：2018-04-27 03:18

本文选题：苦参碱 + 还原氧化石墨烯　；参考：《贵州大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：电化学生物传感器以其快速、灵敏、成本低廉、可进行现场检测、简便等特点,在食品、化工、制药、临床诊断、生物医学和环境分析等方面具有广阔的应用前景。纳米材料具有强吸附性以及良好的生物相容性,能很好地保持酶的活性,并且能增强酶的活性位点与电极之间的电子转移能力,是构建生物传感器的理想材料。本论文的研究工作结合纳米技术、材料制备技术等研究领域,以纳米材料的制备以及纳米材料在生物传感器中的应用开展工作,制备了两种电化学传感器,具体开展了以下两方面的工作:1.制备了一种检测苦参碱的新型伏安传感器,通过滴涂法将氧化石墨烯(GO)滴涂在裸玻碳电极(GCE)上,待GO干燥后采用电化学还原法将GO还原为还原氧化石墨烯(ERGO),并用该修饰电极考察苦参碱的电化学行为。结果表明,构筑的电极在对苦参碱进行检测时显示出良好的灵敏性、稳定性和重现性。在6×10-6~1×10-4M范围内,苦参碱的氧化峰电流与苦参碱的浓度呈现出良好的线性关系,该法检出限(S/N=3)为4×10-6M。此外,该修饰电极表现出的较好稳定性为该技术在苦参碱常规分析中提供了应用基础。2.通过电化学直接还原将GO还原为r GO,进而制备HRP-CS/rGO-CS/GCE修饰电极。由于CS/rGO-CS可以为HRP提供良好的导电场所和一个适宜的微环境,而该复合膜上rGO独特的物理化学性质可以有效的提升HRP和电极表面的电子转移能力,所以制备出的修饰电极使得HRP有直接电化学行为和催化过氧化氢氧化还原的能力。接着对检测过氧化氢的实验条件进行了优化。最后考察了所构建的传感器对过氧化氢的检测性能。当H2O2浓度在4.0×10-7~7.0×10-4mol/L范围内时,响应电流呈线性关系,检出限(S/N=3)为1.0×10-7mol/L。结果表明,该传感器制备方法简单,成本低廉,稳定性较好,响应灵敏度高,是一种快速有效的过氧化氢测定方法。
[Abstract]:Electrochemical biosensor has a wide application prospect in food, chemical, pharmaceutical, clinical diagnosis, biomedicine and environmental analysis because of its rapid, sensitive, low cost, field detection, simple and so on. Nanomaterials with strong adsorption and good biocompatibility can keep enzyme activity and enhance the electron transfer ability between enzyme active sites and electrodes. It is an ideal material to construct biosensor. In this paper, two kinds of electrochemical sensors have been prepared by combining the research fields of nanotechnology and material preparation, with the preparation of nanomaterials and the application of nanomaterials in biosensors. The following two aspects of work have been carried out specifically: 1. A novel voltammetry sensor for the detection of matrine was prepared. Graphene oxide (GOO) was coated on the bare glassy carbon electrode (GCEE) by drip coating method. After go drying, go was reduced to reduced graphene oxide by electrochemical reduction method. The electrochemical behavior of matrine was investigated by the modified electrode. The results showed that the constructed electrode showed good sensitivity, stability and reproducibility in the detection of matrine. In the range of 6 脳 10 ~ (-6) N ~ (-1) 脳 10 ~ (-4) M, the oxidation peak current of matrine shows a good linear relationship with the concentration of matrine, and the detection limit is 4 脳 10 ~ (-6) M. In addition, the stability of the modified electrode provides a basis for the application of the modified electrode in the routine analysis of matrine. Go was reduced to GOr by electrochemical direct reduction, and then HRP-CS/rGO-CS/GCE modified electrode was prepared. Because CS/rGO-CS can provide a good conductive place and a suitable microenvironment for HRP, the unique physical and chemical properties of rGO on the composite film can effectively enhance the electron transfer ability of HRP and electrode surface. Therefore, the modified electrode made HRP have direct electrochemical behavior and catalytic ability to redox hydrogen peroxide. Then the experimental conditions for the detection of hydrogen peroxide were optimized. Finally, the performance of the sensor for hydrogen peroxide detection was investigated. When the concentration of H2O2 is in the range of 4.0 脳 10 ~ (-7) ~ 7.0 脳 10-4mol/L, the response current is linear, and the detection limit is 1.0 脳 10 ~ (-7) mol / L ~ (-1). The results show that the sensor is a rapid and effective method for the determination of hydrogen peroxide because of its simple preparation, low cost, good stability and high response sensitivity.
【学位授予单位】：贵州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TQ127.11;TB383.1

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