氨气泄漏应急处置装置的研发

发布时间：2018-04-27 07:37

本文选题：氨气泄漏 + 应急处置装置　；参考：《北京邮电大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本课题的目标是研发适用于氨气泄漏的应急处置装置,重点解决当前氨气泄漏事故发生时,应急处置技术水平低,灾害持续时间长,污染物直接排放大气等问题。针对氨气泄漏事故开展研究,选取涉氨场所进行实验应用,为事故的应急处置装置提供基础与保障。本文首先对示范应用场所北京二商集团西郊冷冻厂进行调研,分析氨气泄漏最易产生的位置并计算最大泄漏量。针对液氨泄漏事故的特点,设计应急处置流程,包括快速收集单元、低温等离子体净化单元、吸附净化单元,实现多级耦合净化。本文主要对快速收集单元与吸附净化单元进行研究,设计快速收集装置与活性炭吸附装置,并设计监控系统实现对净化过程的实时监控。为满足低温等离子体设备的反应条件,本文设计了快速收集单元包括泡沫吸收塔、喷雾吸收塔与脱水除雾塔,实现对大量泄漏氨气的快速收集与气液分离,保障进入等离子体设备的气体能被高效消纳。对于吸附净化单元,设计活性炭吸附装置,实现尾气的无害化排空。本文还设计了监控系统,并对整个应急处置装置集成,实现对应急处置过程的实时监测与集中控制。在此基础上,模拟氨气泄漏过程,进行试验,并对整个系统的净化性能进行评价,为成果的推广提供工程实践支持。
[Abstract]:The goal of this project is to develop an emergency disposal device suitable for ammonia leakage, and to solve the problems of low technical level, long duration of disaster and direct discharge of pollutants when the current ammonia leakage accident occurs. In order to provide the foundation and guarantee for the emergency disposal device, the ammonia leakage accident was studied and the ammonia related sites were selected for experimental application. In this paper, the location of ammonia leakage is analyzed and the maximum leakage quantity is calculated by investigating the application site of Beijing Ershang Group's western suburb freezer plant. According to the characteristics of liquid ammonia leakage accident, the emergency disposal flow is designed, including rapid collection unit, low temperature plasma purification unit and adsorption purification unit to realize multi-stage coupling purification. In this paper, the rapid collection unit and the adsorption purification unit are studied, the fast collection unit and the activated carbon adsorption unit are designed, and the monitoring system is designed to monitor the purification process in real time. In order to meet the reaction conditions of low temperature plasma equipment, a rapid collection unit including foam absorber, spray absorber and dehydrated defog tower was designed to collect and separate a large amount of leaking ammonia gas quickly. Gas entering the plasma equipment is guaranteed to be efficiently absorbed. For the adsorption purification unit, the activated carbon adsorption unit is designed to realize the harmless discharge of tail gas. This paper also designs the monitoring system and integrates the whole emergency disposal device to realize the real-time monitoring and centralized control of the emergency disposal process. On this basis, the ammonia leakage process is simulated, the experiment is carried out, and the purification performance of the whole system is evaluated, which provides engineering practical support for the popularization of the results.
【学位授予单位】：北京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ113;TQ086

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