PVDF催化膜的制备及其催化和分离性能的研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 11:55

本文选题：纳米颗粒 + 聚偏氟乙烯　；参考：《天津工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：金属纳米颗粒具有良好的催化性能,但是在使用的过程中会因表面能较高而发生团聚现象,从而影响催化剂的催化性能。因此,选择合适的载体和负载方法来负载和固定纳米粒子是很有必要的。本论文展示了两种方法来改性PVDF膜并在其中负载和固定金属纳米颗粒,并研究了所得催化膜的催化性能。1,通过聚多巴胺来负载和固定银纳米粒子。首先把PVDF粉末分散在多巴胺溶液中,多巴胺发生氧化自聚合作用,从而在PVDF粉末的表面涂覆一层聚多巴胺(PDA)。利用改性后的粉末制备基膜,然后把基膜浸泡在硝酸银溶液中,利用PDA的粘附性和还原性来负载和固定银纳米颗粒。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、X-射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、接触角测量仪等对所制备的膜进行了表征。催化实验显示:所制备的催化膜对p-硝基苯酚的还原反应具有很好的催化性能:利用切向流和渗透流对p-硝基苯酚转化率的差异可实现反应物和产物的初步分离。另外,制备的催化膜对罗丹明B(RhB)也具有很好的催化和分离作用。2,利用聚甲基丙烯酸(PMAA)来负载和固定钯纳米粒子。首先通过蒸馏沉淀法制得PMAA微球,然后把PMAA微球和PVDF粉末共混制备了基膜,再将所得膜经碱处理后利用原位还原法负载和固定了钯纳米颗粒,最后在所得膜的表面涂覆一层隔离层,得到催化膜。实验研究了不同催化剂含量、不同固含量涂层等条件对p-硝基苯酚的催化分离的影响。结果显示涂层可以显著提高p-硝基苯酚渗透过催化膜时的单次转化率。
[Abstract]:Metal nanoparticles have good catalytic performance, but in the process of use, due to the high surface energy, the phenomenon of agglomeration will occur, thus affecting the catalytic performance of the catalyst. Therefore, it is necessary to select appropriate carriers and loading methods to load and immobilize nanoparticles. In this paper, we show two methods to modify PVDF membrane and support and immobilize metal nanoparticles in it, and study the catalytic performance of the obtained membrane. 1. The silver nanoparticles are supported and immobilized by polydopamine. First, the PVDF powder was dispersed in the dopamine solution, and the dopamine was oxidized and self-polymerized, and then the surface of the PVDF powder was coated with a layer of polydopamine. The base film was prepared from the modified powder and then immersed in silver nitrate solution. The silver nanoparticles were loaded and fixed by the adhesion and reduction of PDA. The films were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and contact angle measurement. The catalytic experiments show that the prepared membrane has good catalytic performance for the reduction of p-nitrophenol. The initial separation of reactants and products can be realized by using the difference of conversion of p-nitrophenol in tangential flow and osmotic flow. In addition, the prepared catalytic membrane also has a good catalytic and separation effect on Rhodamine Bhh RhB. PMAA was used to support and immobilize palladium nanoparticles. First, PMAA microspheres were prepared by distillation precipitation method, then the base membrane was prepared by blending PMAA microspheres with PVDF powder. After alkali treatment, palladium nanoparticles were loaded and immobilized by in-situ reduction method. Finally, the catalytic membrane was obtained by coating an isolating layer on the surface of the film. The effects of different catalyst content and solid content coating on the catalytic separation of p-nitrophenol were studied. The results showed that the single conversion rate of p- nitrophenol percolation overcatalytic membrane could be significantly improved by the coating.
【学位授予单位】：天津工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ051.893;O643.32

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