高效可见光活性纳米二氧化钛光催化水处理材料的制备和性能研究

发布时间：2018-05-01 22:29

本文选题：复合光催化材料 + 可见光活性　；参考：《河南工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：纳米TiO2是一种新型的无机功能材料,由于其粒径在1nm~100 nm范围之间,具有粒径小、比表面积大、表面活性高、分散性好等特点,因此表现出了独特的物理化学性质,使其在化工、环境、能源、卫生领域有着广阔的应用前景。纳米二氧化钛(TiO2)光催化技术是一种新型污染治理技术,尤其在水处理和空气净化方面,由于其成本低、安全无毒、稳定性好且易回收等性质越来越受到国内外科研工作者的关注。另外,TiO2还能起到灭菌、除臭、防污、自洁的作用,可以将微生物、细菌等分解成CO2和H2O。本文自制改性的纳米二氧化钛粉体,并对其进行XRD、EDS、TEM、UV-Vis结构表征。以规则的粘土陶粒为载体,高铝酸盐为粘结剂根据一定比列制备出了可见光活性纳米二氧化钛光催化材料,并对材料表面进行了TEM表征。并以甲基橙模拟污染物做了复合材料的光催化性能研究,同时对景观水和家庭养鱼废水样进行了光催化试验。实验研究成果如下:(1)制备的二氧化钛颗粒结构表征表明成功进行了C、N、S元素掺杂,且呈现出规则的棒状结构,具有良好的分散性。复合光催化材料TEM显示二氧化钛颗粒之间交叉连接,裸露在高铝酸盐水泥外部,表面未被覆盖,能够呈现出较好的光催化活性。(2)以5mg/L的甲基橙为模拟污染物,自制的二氧化钛粉末在成膜前后均具有较好的可见光光催化活性,分别为98.6%,94.5%。同时,复合光催化球形材料表现出了较好的抗菌性能,对于水体的污染防治具有一定的作用。(3)高铝酸盐水泥熟料和自制的二氧化钛按一定比例混合制备的光催化材料在弱酸性条件下具有很好的光催化活性,尤其是对低浓度甲基橙具有较高的光催化降解效果,在5mg/L甲基橙溶液中光催化降解率达到了98.4%,对于30mg/L的甲基橙也有79%的降解率。同时光催化材料拥有较强的连续水处理能力,在进行了六次循环使用后仍然达到了89%的光催化降解甲基橙能力。(4)制备的光催化复合材料在室外太阳光的照射下,经过12d的光催化,初始COD值为90mg/L的景观水降解率达到了87.4%。初始COD值为171mg/L的鱼缸废水光催化降解率同样达到了74%的COD去除率。
[Abstract]:Nano-sized TiO2 is a new inorganic functional material. Because of its small particle size, large specific surface area, high surface activity and good dispersity, its particle size is in the range of 1nm~100 nm, so it has a unique physical and chemical property, which makes it in chemical industry. The fields of environment, energy and sanitation have broad application prospects. Nanometer Titanium dioxide (TIO _ 2) photocatalytic technology is a new pollution control technology, especially in water treatment and air purification, because of its low cost, safety and non-toxic, More and more researchers at home and abroad pay more and more attention to the properties of stability and easy recovery. In addition, it can also play the role of sterilization, deodorization, anti-fouling, self-cleaning, can decompose microbes and bacteria into CO2 and H _ 2O. In this paper, the modified nano-TiO _ 2 powder was prepared and its structure was characterized by XRDX EDSI Tem UV-Vis. The visible photoactive nano-TiO _ 2 photocatalytic material was prepared by using regular clay ceramsite as carrier and high-aluminate as binder. The surface of the material was characterized by TEM. The photocatalytic properties of the composite materials were studied by using methyl orange as a simulated pollutant, and the photocatalytic experiments were carried out on the landscape water and the domestic fish culture wastewater samples at the same time. The experimental results are as follows: (1) the structure characterization of TIO _ 2 particles prepared shows that the doped elements of C _ (N) N _ (1) have been successfully doped, with regular rod-like structure and good dispersity. The composite photocatalytic material (TEM) showed that titanium dioxide particles were interlinked and exposed to the exterior of high aluminate cement, and the surface was not covered. The composite photocatalytic material showed good photocatalytic activity. (2) the methyl orange of 5mg/L was used as the simulated pollutant. The titanium dioxide powder prepared by ourselves has good visible photocatalytic activity before and after film formation, which is 98.6% and 94.5% respectively. At the same time, the composite photocatalytic spherical materials showed good antibacterial properties. High aluminate cement clinker and self-made titanium dioxide mixed in a certain proportion have good photocatalytic activity under weak acid condition. Especially for low concentration methyl orange, the photocatalytic degradation rate reached 98.4% in 5mg/L methyl orange solution, and 79% for 30mg/L methyl orange. At the same time, the photocatalytic material has strong continuous water treatment ability. After six cycles, the photocatalytic composite material can still reach 89% photocatalytic degradation ability of methyl orange. After 12 days of photocatalysis, the degradation rate of landscape water with initial COD value of 90mg/L reached 87.4%. The photocatalytic degradation rate of fish tank wastewater with initial COD value of 171mg/L was also 74%.
【学位授予单位】：河南工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ134.11;TB383.1

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