甲乙酮溶剂吸收法回收火炬气中碳四的研究

发布时间：2018-05-06 21:21

  本文选题：甲乙酮 + 吸收　； 参考：《北京化工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：火炬是石油化工行业中为处理生产和紧急事故时排放的可燃性气体、保证生产装置和人身安全、减少环境污染而设置的一项安全设施,其作用是将正常生产时排放出的工业尾气及生产事故状态下排放的可燃性气体引入高架火炬头中进行燃烧。由于火炬燃烧每年烧掉的可燃性气体量相当可观,为充分提高原料利用率和回收有用组分,人们就火炬气中有用组分回收进行了诸多可实施研究,但由于不同行业火炬气组分差异很大,难以统一回收方案,需针对具体行业选取适宜方案。本文针对火炬气中碳四回收,以液化气为模拟气,采用实验和模拟分析相结合的方式,系统开展了甲乙酮溶剂吸收法回收碳四组分的研究,旨在为火炬气中丁烷和丁烯的回收提供可借鉴的基础参考。论文首先在对火炬气碳四样气分析基础上,以液化气为模拟气。在自行搭建的吸收装置进行了甲乙酮溶剂吸收碳四组分的实验研究,系统考察了温度、压力、液气比等对吸收过程的影响。实验结果表明,温度越高,各组分的吸收率越低,因此,该吸收过程以低温操作为宜(30℃)；压力越高,各组分的吸收率越高,但对塔设备的要求越严格,综合考虑该过程以1.4 atm操作为宜：各组分的吸收率随液气比的增大而增大,当增大到某一定值时数值几乎不变,相对合适的液气比为5：1。基于实验所得数据采用Aspen Plus进行流程模拟分析,模拟过程中的物性参数在与实验数据对比基础上,选用RK-SOAVE方法估算。系统考察了不同操作条件对各组分吸收率的影响,最终获得的相对适宜操作条件为：进料气(液化气)流量30 1/h,吸收剂甲乙酮进料量为135 1/h；进料气(液化气)的进料温度为室温25℃,吸收剂甲乙酮的进料温度为15℃；吸收塔在常压下操作；吸收塔塔板数为12块,液化气进料板为第13块板(塔釜进料),吸收剂甲乙酮进料板为第1块板(塔顶进料)。结合实验和Aspen Plus模拟分析结果,本文对扬子公司中的烯烃火炬气和催化火炬气进行了碳四回收优化,确定的适宜操作条件为：火炬气的进气量为100 kg/h,吸收剂甲乙酮的进料量为1100 kg/h(即液气比为11：1)；火炬气的进料位置为塔底进料,甲乙酮的进料位置为塔顶进料；火炬气的进料温度为常温25℃,甲乙酮的进料温度为15℃；吸收塔为常压塔,全塔理论塔板数为8块。丁烷与丁烯的回收率均大于99%。
[Abstract]:The torch is a safety facility set up in the petrochemical industry to deal with the combustible gas emitted during production and emergency, to ensure the safety of production equipment and personal safety, and to reduce environmental pollution. Its function is to introduce industrial tail gas from normal production and combustible gas from production accident into the overhead torch head for combustion. Since the amount of combustible gas burned annually by torch combustion is considerable, in order to fully improve the utilization of raw materials and recover useful components, people have carried out many practical studies on the recovery of useful components in torch gas. However, it is difficult to unify the recovery scheme because of the different components of flare gas in different industries, so it is necessary to select suitable schemes for specific industries. In this paper, the recovery of carbon 4 from torch gas by solvent absorption of methyl ethyl ketone was studied systematically by using liquefied petroleum gas as simulated gas and by combining experiment and simulation analysis. In order to provide reference for the recovery of butane and butene in torch gas. Firstly, based on the analysis of the four carbon samples of torch gas, the liquefied gas is used as the simulated gas. The effects of temperature, pressure and the ratio of liquid to gas on the absorption process of methyl ethyl ketone solvent were investigated. The experimental results show that the higher the temperature, the lower the absorption rate of each component. Therefore, the absorption process is suitable for low temperature operation at 30 鈩，

本文编号：1853924