聚α-烯烃磺酸钠低聚物的合成、表征及其性能研究

发布时间：2018-05-13 03:02

本文选题：AOS + 水泥浆　；参考：《陕西科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：水泥混凝土在我国的消耗量在逐年增大,如今已处在世界前几位。水泥的制备不复杂,可以铸成任意形状,强度高,对环境污染小,所以用途十分广泛。水利、石材、建筑、国防等都离不开水泥混凝土。然而,随着如今的科学技术发展和环保体系的不断完善,水泥混凝土改制改良已经迫在眉睫。现代工业要求的水泥需具备高强、早凝、轻质和耐用性等特点。经过研究证实,为了提高水泥混凝土的综合特性,外加水泥添加剂是一种不错的办法。21世纪的工业建筑标准越来越高,使得水泥混凝土的特性必须非常好。在水泥悬浮体系中,水泥外加剂已经成为了不可或缺的组分。水泥分散剂作为众多水泥混凝土外加剂的其中一种,能高效的改善水泥的标准和质量。因水泥分散剂易制、价格低廉且见效快,各个国家都在建筑工业中广泛使用水泥分散剂,如挪威、美国等,水泥分散剂的使用率达到了60%以上。分散剂的作用有很多,如润湿、助磨、稀释和稳定。加入水泥浆后,可以定量减少水的外添加量,起到降低成本、降低能源消耗和环保的作用。同时水泥分散剂明显增加了水泥浆的固含量,且黏度低,容易搅拌,降低了人力成本。搅拌均匀后的水泥分散体系稳定而均匀。本文以α-烯烃磺酸钠为单体,过氧化苯甲酰为引发剂,次亚磷酸钠为链转移剂,采用溶液聚合法,通过自由基共聚制备了聚α-烯烃磺酸钠,研究了聚合工艺对聚合物性能的影响。使用红外光谱对聚合物进行结构表征。通过表面张力仪、接触角测量仪、水煤浆粘度计和流变仪研究了产物的表面活性、润湿性能和分散性能。通过分水法、搅动法分别考察了产物的乳化性能和起泡性能。通过热失重分析考察了产物的热稳定性。完成了单因素实验,考查了不同单因素条件下分散剂对水泥浆的影响,确定了最佳聚合反应工艺,以最佳反应条件进行制浆,进行聚合物的物化性能检测和应用性能研究。研究了不同分散剂掺量、水泥浆pH值、温度、Zeta电位等条件下水泥浆性能;将聚α-烯烃磺酸钠与木质素磺酸钠进行复配,得到复配分散剂,并研究了复配分散剂对水泥浆效果的应用性能。实验结果表明:(1)最佳聚合反应工艺:W(BPO)=0.7%(以单体质量计算),W(SHP)=4%(以单体质量计算),缓慢滴加引发剂,采用梯度升温,最高反应温度为80℃,总反应时间4h,最后用氢氧化钠调节pH值为7~9,得到黄色透明油状分散液,即聚α-烯烃磺酸钠分散剂。(2)红外光谱结果证明原料单体已经聚合,25℃下产物的CMC为5.9×10-2mol·L-1,表面张力为37.3mN·m-1,在煤块表面的接触角为32.30°,表明其具有较高的表面活性和润湿性能;聚α-烯烃磺酸钠耐热温度为300℃左右,此外聚α-烯烃磺酸钠还表现出良好的乳化性能和起泡性能。(3)通过考察在不同分散剂添加量、温度、pH和Zeta电位变量下,分散剂对水泥浆的分散效果,确定了水泥浆制备的最佳技术为:常温、水泥浆pH值约为7~9,聚α-烯烃磺酸钠掺量为0.5%时,水泥浆的Zeta电位变化趋于稳定。(4)使用聚α-烯烃磺酸钠分散剂与木质素磺酸钠进行复配,考察了不同复配比例的分散剂对水泥浆黏度的变化影响,实验结果表明,当聚α-烯烃磺酸钠和木质素磺酸钠的质量比为1:1时,水泥浆黏度最低。
[Abstract]:The consumption of cement and concrete in our country is increasing year by year, and now it is in the top of the world. The preparation of cement is not complex, it can be cast into arbitrary shape, high strength, low pollution to the environment, so it is very widely used. Water, stone, building, national defense and so on can not be separated from cement coagulating soil. However, with the development of science and technology and environmental protection body today With the continuous improvement of the system, the improvement of cement and concrete is imminent. The requirements of modern industry are characterized by high strength, early setting, light quality and durability. In order to improve the comprehensive characteristics of cement concrete, it is a good way to add cement additive to the.21 century, which makes the industrial building standards higher and higher. Cement concrete must be very good. Cement admixture has become an indispensable component in cement suspension system. As one of the many cement concrete admixtures, cement dispersing agent can improve the standard and quality of cement efficiently. As cement dispersant is easy to be made, the price is low and effective, all countries are building Cement dispersants, such as Norway and the United States, have been widely used in the construction industry, such as Norway and the United States. The use of cement dispersants has reached more than 60%. The dispersant has a lot of effects, such as wetting, grinding, dilution and stability. After adding cement slurry, the addition of water can be reduced and the energy consumption and environmental protection can be reduced. Meanwhile, the cement dispersion is reduced. The cement slurry has obviously increased the solid content, and the viscosity is low, it is easy to stir and reduce the cost of manpower. The cement dispersion system after mixing is stable and uniform. In this paper, we use sodium alkenes sulfonate as monomer, benzoyl peroxide as initiator, sodium hypophosphite as chain transfer agent, solution polymerization method to prepare poly alpha by free radical copolymerization. The effect of polymerization process on the properties of polymer was studied. The structure of the polymer was characterized by infrared spectroscopy. The surface activity, wettability and dispersion of the products were studied by surface tension meter, contact angle measuring instrument, coal water slurry viscometer and rheometer. The emulsification of the products was examined through the method of over water and agitation. The thermal stability of the products was investigated by thermal weight loss analysis. A single factor experiment was completed. The effect of dispersant on cement slurry under different single factor conditions was examined. The optimum polymerization process was determined. The optimum reaction conditions were made. The physical and chemical properties of the polymer were tested and the application performance was studied. The mixing amount of different dispersant, pH value of cement slurry, temperature, Zeta potential and so on, the compound dispersant of poly alpha alkenosulfonate and sodium lignosulfonate was obtained, and the application performance of the compound dispersant to cement slurry was studied. The experimental results showed that (1) the optimum polymerization process: W (BPO) =0.7% (with monomer mass) Calculation), W (SHP) =4% (in single mass calculation), slowly adding initiator, gradient heating, the maximum reaction temperature 80 C, the total reaction time 4h, the final use of sodium hydroxide to adjust pH value of 7~9, the yellow transparent oil dispersions, namely poly alpha alkenes sodium sulfonate dispersions. (2) infrared spectrum results show that the monomer has been polymerized and produced at 25. The CMC is 5.9 * 10-2mol. L-1 with a surface tension of 37.3mN. M-1 and a contact angle of 32.30 degrees on the surface of coal. It shows that it has high surface activity and wetting property. The heat resistance of poly alpha olefin sodium sulfonate is about 300 degrees C. In addition, poly alpha olefin sodium sulfonate also exhibits good emulsifying properties and foaming properties. (3) through investigation in different points. The dispersion effect of dispersant, temperature, pH and Zeta potential, and the dispersion effect of dispersant on cement slurry, determine the best technology for cement slurry preparation: at normal temperature, the pH value of cement slurry is about 7~9, when the content of poly alpha alkene sulfonate is 0.5%, the change of Zeta potential of cement slurry tends to be stable. (4) the use of poly alpha olefin sodium sulfonate dispersant and sodium lignosulfonate. The effect of different proportions of dispersants on the viscosity of cement slurry was investigated. The experimental results showed that when the mass ratio of sodium alkenes sulfonic acid sodium and sodium lignosulfonate was 1:1, the viscosity of cement slurry was the lowest.

【学位授予单位】：陕西科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：O631;TQ172.46

【参考文献】