高质量石墨烯制备与应用基础研究

发布时间：2018-05-28 10:08

本文选题：石墨烯 + 剪切　；参考：《东南大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：石墨烯(graphene)是一种由单层碳原子通过Sp2杂化排列而成的二维蜂窝状结构晶体,具有高强度、高透光性、高导电性等优点,在传感器、半导体器件、透明导电薄膜等众多领域中具有广阔的应用前景。目前石墨烯通常采用化学气相沉积和氧化还原制备法制备,前者难于实现大规模工业化生产,后者所制备石墨烯缺陷较多,性能较差,而且制备过程对环境会产生污染,因此,急需研发一种新型可控制备高质量石墨烯的方法。本研究首先探索一种在液相中使用机械剪切力制备石墨烯的制备方法。将一定量的不同类型的石墨粉放入不同的溶剂中,采用实验室乳化机,系统探讨石墨烯和溶剂种类、剪切速度和时间对石墨粉的剪切剥离质量的影响规律及其机制,并通过石墨烯-液相表面能模型推导得出最佳剪切试剂甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)。通过剪切模型以及对比不同剪切参数下石墨烯样品在试剂中的分散性能得出最佳剪切工艺参数:剪切速率1OOOOrpm,剪切时间1-2小时。进而采用扫描电镜(SEM)、Raman光谱、透射电镜(TEM)和电性能测试等方法检测所制备石墨烯的质量。结果表明:采用剪切法可以实现少层石墨烯的可控制备,并且具优异的导电性能。与化学气相沉积和氧化还原两种传统石墨烯制备方法相比,剪切法具有成本低、环保和性能高和可以批量制备的优点,对于实现石墨烯的观法应用具有重要的意义。另外,本研究通过改进的Hummers法制备氧化石墨烯,并使用硅烷偶联剂对其表面基团进行改性处理。使用改性氧化石墨烯作为环氧涂层的填料之一,系统探讨了改性石墨烯在防腐涂料中的应用,结果表明:环氧树脂粘度检测和SEM检测证实改性氧化石墨烯可以均匀分散在环氧树脂之中,并且不影响其主要性能;氧化石墨烯-环氧涂层结构平滑完整,证实氧化石墨烯的加入抵消了环氧涂层的固有孔洞,对涂层防止小分子污染物直接试件提供了保证;使用改性氧化石墨烯作为主要填料加进富锌环氧漆中。固化后涂层效果证实氧化石墨烯不影响富锌环氧漆的涂覆性能;耐摩擦实验和盐水浸泡实验证实氧化石墨烯强化-富锌环氧漆涂层耐磨强度和耐盐水浸泡能力对比单纯富锌环氧漆有了显著的提高;在不影响涂料性能的基础上,氧化石墨烯的加入不仅提高涂层的耐腐蚀能力,同时也在相当程度上减少了锌粉的用量,大幅度降低了石墨烯涂料的成本。
[Abstract]:Graphene (graphene) is a kind of two-dimensional honeycomb crystal arranged by monolayer carbon atoms by Sp2 hybrid. It has the advantages of high intensity, high transmittance, high conductivity, etc., in sensors, semiconductor devices, etc. Transparent conductive films and many other fields have broad application prospects. At present, graphene is usually prepared by chemical vapor deposition and redox preparation, the former is difficult to realize large-scale industrial production, the latter has many defects and poor performance, and the preparation process will pollute the environment. There is an urgent need to develop a new controllable method for the preparation of high-quality graphene. In this study, a method of preparing graphene by mechanical shear force in liquid phase was investigated. A certain amount of different kinds of graphitic powder was put into different solvents, and the influence of graphene and solvent type, shear speed and time on the quality of shearing and stripping of graphite powder and its mechanism were systematically discussed by using a laboratory emulsifying machine. The best shear reagent, methyl pyrrolidone, was derived from the graphene liquid surface energy model. Through the shear model and the comparison of the dispersion properties of graphene samples in the reagent under different shear parameters, the optimum shearing process parameters were obtained: shear rate 1OOOOrpm, shearing time 1-2 hours. The quality of graphene was examined by means of SEM Raman spectroscopy, TEM (TEM) and electrical properties test. The results show that the controlled preparation of less layer graphene can be realized by shear method, and it has excellent electrical conductivity. Compared with the conventional methods of chemical vapor deposition and redox, the shear method has the advantages of low cost, high environmental protection, high performance and can be prepared in batches. It is of great significance to realize the application of graphene observation method. In addition, graphene oxide was prepared by modified Hummers method and modified by silane coupling agent. The application of modified graphene oxide in anticorrosive coatings was systematically discussed by using the modified graphene oxide as one of the fillers of epoxy coatings. The results show that the modified graphene oxide can be uniformly dispersed in epoxy resin and its main properties are not affected by the viscosity test and SEM test of epoxy resin, and the structure of graphene oxide epoxy coating is smooth and complete. It is proved that the addition of graphene oxide offsets the inherent pores of the epoxy coating and provides a guarantee for the coating to prevent the direct samples from small molecular pollutants, and the modified graphene oxide is used as the main filler to be added into the zinc-rich epoxy paint. The results show that graphene oxide has no effect on the coating properties of zinc-rich epoxy paint. The friction resistance test and brine immersion test proved that the wear resistance and brine resistance of graphene oxide reinforced zinc-rich epoxy paint coating were significantly improved compared with that of pure zinc rich epoxy paint, and the properties of the coating were not affected. The addition of graphene oxide not only improves the corrosion resistance of the coating, but also reduces the amount of zinc powder and greatly reduces the cost of graphene coating.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ127.11

【相似文献】