利用不同溶液浓度电化学剥离黑磷纳米片和量子点

发布时间：2018-06-27 03:58

本文选题：电化学剥离 + 黑磷　；参考：《东南大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：黑磷作为一种新型高性能二维材料,受到越来越多的科学人员的重视。而如何高效的生产高质量的纳米级黑磷,直到现在也是一项学术难点。在此我们介绍了一种电化学剥离方法,其通过插层反应来高效剥离出纳米级黑磷。实验过程中我们选择不同的溶液浓度,能够剥离出像纳米片和量子点这样不同的黑磷纳米结构。这种通过控制单一变量,以期达到制备不同纳米形态黑磷的方法,不仅高效,其制备的产品质量也是相当的优良。其中纳米片与量子点均可有较多的电子或者医学应用。因此,这项工作展现了一种适合于商业化的纳米级黑磷优异制备方法。实验中的电压,溶质和溶剂都是一样的。我们通过控制不同的浓度达到单一变量的改变来得到不同的纳米结构。实验中特意使用了有机溶剂来避免黑磷和水或者空气的反应。根据表面张力的原理,并不是所有的溶剂在剥离黑磷上都十分有效。为了提高插层反应的效率我们也必须找到合适的溶质。在经过了一系列的实验后我们选择了二甲基酰胺和氯化锂分别作为溶剂和溶质。这种搭配使我们得到了极好的剥离结果。我们使用黑磷作为阳极,铂作为阴极。一个铂电极夹被用来在阳极固定块状黑磷以防止杂质被引入。先施加7V电压30分钟来浸润块状黑磷,然后将电压提高到10 V。这个10 V电压将维持到反应结束。整个剥离过程将持续30分钟到1个小时,溶液的浓度将控制剥离的纳米结构。在0.1 M溶液中我们将得到块状黑磷。0.3M溶液中我们将得到优良的黑磷纳米片。0.5M溶液中将得到黑磷纳米片与黑磷量子点的复合物。而在1M溶液中我们将得到大量的黑磷量子点。剥离的机制可以理解为不同浓度的自由基数量将导致液相剥离中的三种不同力即正交垂直力,剪切力和破碎力的主导性改变,进而影响最终的剥离产物。而在剥离出的各产物中我们着重选择黑磷量子点的应用作为探究方向,研究了黑磷量子点在癌症光热试剂和湿度传感器上的应用。最终我们得到了优异的应用结果。
[Abstract]:As a new high-performance two-dimensional material, black phosphorus has been paid more and more attention by scientists. How to efficiently produce high-quality black phosphorus is an academic difficulty until now. In this paper, we introduce an electrochemical stripping method, in which nanometer black phosphorus can be removed efficiently by intercalation reaction. In the process of experiments, we can peel off different black phosphorus nanostructures such as nanoparticles and quantum dots by choosing different concentration of solution. By controlling a single variable, the method of preparing different nano-forms of black phosphorus is not only highly efficient, but also has excellent product quality. Both nanochips and quantum dots have more electronic or medical applications. Therefore, this work has demonstrated an excellent preparation method for nano-scale black phosphorus. The voltage, solute and solvent in the experiment are the same. We obtain different nanostructures by controlling different concentrations to change a single variable. Organic solvents were used to avoid reactions between black phosphorus and water or air. According to the principle of surface tension, not all solvents are very effective in stripping black phosphorus. In order to improve the efficiency of intercalation reaction, we must also find suitable solute. After a series of experiments, we chose dimethyl amide and lithium chloride as solvent and solute respectively. This collocation gives us excellent peeling results. We use black phosphorus as anode and platinum as cathode. A platinum electrode clip is used to fix bulk black phosphorus at the anode to prevent impurities from being introduced. A 7 V voltage was applied for 30 minutes to infiltrate bulk black phosphorus, and then the voltage was increased to 10 V. This 10 V voltage will be maintained until the end of the reaction. The whole peeling process will last from 30 minutes to 1 hour, and the concentration of the solution will control the stripped nanostructures. In 0.1 M solution, we will get bulk black phosphorus. In 0.3M solution, we will get excellent black phosphorus nanoparticles. In 0.5M solution, we will get the complex of black phosphorus nanoparticles and black phosphorus quantum dots. In 1m solution, we will get a large number of black phosphorus quantum dots. The mechanism of peeling can be understood as that the number of free radicals at different concentrations will lead to the dominant changes of three different forces in liquid phase peeling, namely, orthogonal vertical force, shear force and breaking force, and then affect the final peeling product. The application of black phosphorus quantum dots in cancer photothermal reagents and humidity sensors was studied. Finally, we got excellent application results.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ126.31;TB383.1

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