碳纳米管的包覆及其对聚合物复合材料的性能调控

发布时间：2018-08-26 14:55

【摘要】：包覆型多壁碳纳米管(Coated Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes)作为一种一维核壳结构的纳米材料,覆赋予了多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)新的特性与功能,CMWNTs本身就可以作为新型载体型催化剂、电极材料使用,也可以作为新型的纳米填料改善复合材料的力学、热学、电学等性能,具有很重要的实用价值和研究意义。本文通过改进传统浸渍法与化学镀法制备高性能CMWNTs,制备出了具有高导热性能的氮化硼包覆多壁碳纳米管(BN@MWNT)、具有高介电性能的钛酸钡包覆多壁碳纳米管(BTO@MWNT)和镍包覆多壁碳纳米管(Ni@MWNT)。主要工作如下：1、将十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)添加到传统的氮化硼浸渍液中,获得了包覆层厚度可控的BN@MWNT,包覆层表面粗糙且厚度大于10nm。粗糙且较厚的BN包覆层使得BN@MWNT有着比MWNTs优异的导热性能。在填充量为20 wt%时,BN@MWNT/PVDF复合材料的导热系数达到了1.359 W/moK。2、研究了不同表面活性剂对MWNTs钛酸钡溶胶凝胶(sol-gel)液的浸渍效果。不加入表面活性剂的情况下钛酸钡sol-gel液在碳管上附着量较小烧结之后只有很少的钛酸钡颗粒附着在MWNTs表面,而将十六烷基三甲基澳化铵(CTAB)添加到浸渍液中,MWNTs浸渍烧结之后得到大量钛酸钡附着在MWNTs表面,将SDBS添加到浸渍液中,得到钛酸钡连续分布在MWNTs表面,这是由于SDBS能与MWNTs形成共轭导致表面能降低,使得MWNTs能够附着大量浸渍液。BTO@MWNT材料具有较高的介电常数,可以作为高性能介电填料使用。3、通过自由基原位聚合制备聚丙烯酸甲酯包覆多壁碳纳米管(PMA@MWNT)在酸性溶液中有较好的分散性,代替化学镀中通常使用的酸化MWNTs。通过施镀时间的控制制备得到镍包覆多壁碳纳米管(Ni@MWNT),可以作为高介电填料使用。
[Abstract]:Encapsulated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (Coated Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes), as a kind of one-dimensional core-shell nano-materials, has been endowed with new properties and functions of (MWNTs). CMWNTs can be used as a new type of support catalyst and electrode material. It can also be used as a new type of nano-filler to improve the mechanical, thermal and electrical properties of composites, which has important practical value and research significance. In this paper, boron nitride coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (BN@MWNT) with high thermal conductivity, barium titanate coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (BTO@MWNT) and nickel coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (Ni@MWNT) were prepared by improving the traditional impregnation method and electroless plating method. The main work is as follows: 1. By adding sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) into the traditional boron nitride impregnation solution, the surface of BN@MWNT, coating with controllable coating thickness is obtained, and the thickness is more than 10 nm. The coarse and thicker BN coating makes BN@MWNT have better thermal conductivity than MWNTs. The thermal conductivity of wt% / PVDF composites reached 1.359 W / moK.2. the impregnation effect of different surfactants on MWNTs sol-gel (sol-gel) solution was studied. In the absence of surfactant, only a small number of barium titanate particles adhered to the surface of MWNTs after sintering of barium titanate sol-gel solution with small amount of adhesion on the carbon tube. When cetyltrimethylammonium (CTAB) was added to the impregnation solution, a large number of barium titanate was obtained after impregnation and sintering, and SDBS was added to the impregnation solution to obtain the continuous distribution of barium titanate on the surface of MWNTs. This is due to the decrease of surface energy due to the formation of conjugation between SDBS and MWNTs, which enables MWNTs to adhere to a large number of dipping solutions. Polymethyl acrylate coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (PMA@MWNT) were prepared by free radical in-situ polymerization, which can be used as high performance dielectric filler in acid solution. It can replace acidified MWNTs. commonly used in electroless plating. Nickel coated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (Ni@MWNT) were prepared by controlling the plating time and can be used as high dielectric fillers.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ127.11;TB383.1

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