大高径比塔设备的结构强度和诱导振动分析

发布时间：2018-10-09 19:10

【摘要】：近年石化行业中塔设备的数量在逐年增多,而且随着生产需要,塔设备的高度也再增大,高径比超过15的设备逐年增多。我国石化行业生产厂多建造在东南沿海和高海拔地区,因此常年承受风载在。由风诱导振动引起的塔设备破坏、失效和无法继续投入使用的情况越来越多,因此研究大高颈比塔设备的减振措施具有一定的工程意义。本论文先对风诱导振动机理和降低振动幅度措施进行简要介绍,然后重点研究调谐质量阻尼器(Tuned Mass Damper,TMD)的降低振动幅度机理和成效。本文以某石化高度为52m,内径为2.6m,筒体厚度为20mm的塔器作为研究对象,使用ANSYS数值模拟软件,对该塔器进行了结构应力强度校核、许用循环次数计算、固有频率求解和谐响应计算。并从TMD降低振动机理和TMD实际使用面临的难题出发,设计环形调谐质量阻尼器。并对其降低振动幅度成效进行了力学推导析和数值模拟计算。本论文主要结论如下:(1)本论文中的塔设备强度和载荷循环次数均遵从JB/T 4732-1995《钢制压力容器——分析设计标准》(2005年确认)规定。(2)塔设备在风诱导振动下的最大振幅为1598mm,必须采取一定的措施减小其振幅。(3)本论文设计的质量环调谐质量阻尼器可以不必考虑布置方案,并且对其安装在塔设备上的减振效果进行了稳态谐响应分析,ANSYS分析结果表明安装环形TMD结构后塔设备的最大振动幅度为235mm,降低比率为85.3%,因此本论文设计的环形TMD结构拥有良好的降低振动幅度的成效。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the number of tower equipment in petrochemical industry is increasing year by year, and with the need of production, the height of tower equipment will increase again, and the equipment with a ratio of height to diameter more than 15 will increase year by year. Petrochemical industry production plants in China are built in southeast coastal areas and high-altitude areas, so the year-round wind load. Wind induced vibration caused by tower equipment damage, failure and can not be put into use more and more, so the study of large neck ratio tower equipment vibration reduction measures have a certain engineering significance. In this paper, the mechanism of wind-induced vibration and the measures to reduce vibration amplitude are briefly introduced, and then the mechanism and effect of the tuned mass damper (Tuned Mass Damper,TMD) in reducing vibration amplitude are studied. In this paper, a petrochemical tower with a height of 52 m, an inner diameter of 2.6 m and a cylinder thickness of 20mm is taken as the research object. The structural stress intensity of the tower is checked by using ANSYS numerical simulation software, and the cycle times are allowed to be calculated. The natural frequency is used to calculate the harmonic response. Based on the vibration reduction mechanism of TMD and the problems in practical application of TMD, a ring tuned mass damper is designed. The effect of reducing vibration amplitude is analyzed by mechanical analysis and numerical simulation. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) the strength of tower equipment and the number of loading cycles in this paper are in accordance with the JB/T 4732-1995 Standard for Analysis and Design of Steel pressure vessels (confirmed in 2005). (2) the maximum amplitude of tower equipment under wind-induced vibration is obtained. 1598mm, some measures must be taken to reduce its amplitude. (3) the mass ring tuned mass dampers designed in this paper need not consider the layout scheme. The static harmonic response of the tower equipment is analyzed. The results show that the maximum vibration amplitude of the tower installation is 235mm, and the reduction ratio is 85.3 mm. Therefore, the circular TMD designed in this paper is designed. The structure has good effect of reducing vibration amplitude.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ053.5;TE65

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