微生物燃料电池对高盐废水有机物降解特性研究

发布时间：2018-10-30 08:36

【摘要】：本实验主要目的是研究微生物燃料电池的基本产电性能、探讨COD与电压之间的关系以及构造生物传感器。基本模型为:微生物燃料电池采用双室构型,即阳极室和阴极室,两者之间用质子交换膜隔开;阳极室和阴极室均用树脂玻璃制造,长宽高为5.0X5.5X6.5cm,有效容积为150ml,注水有效容积为130ml,阳极室前后开一个5mm的小孔;阳极室为厌氧连续流,内置小磁珠,用蠕动泵以0.748ml/min将榨菜废水输入到阳极室;阴极室为好氧序批式,一周更换一次溶液,用真空泵以40-60ml/min向阴极室输送空气;质子交换膜采用阳离子交换膜,CEM,Ultrex CMI7000,Membranes International Inc.,USA,有效面积为5.5X5.5cm。电极采用碳布,长宽为5X4.5cm,有效面积为20.25m2,电极均不涂抹催化剂;阴极室和阳极室培养液均为一定浓度的榨菜废水;电极连接外接电线与欧姆电阻和电压采集系统相连,其中外电阻根据极化曲线和功率密度曲线确定为500欧姆,电压采集系统每1.5min记录一次数据。本实验分为两部分,序批式培养和连续流培养,分别观察对比微生物燃料电池对榨菜废水中的COD、氨氮以及盐度的处理情况和产电性能。序批式培养,COD的去除率为88%,氨氮的去除率为9.8%,盐度几乎不发生变化,序批式电压最大值为191mv。连续流分为九个阶段,每个阶段采用不同浓度的榨菜废水为燃料,每个阶段的COD去除率都在20%左右,最高为第九阶段的31.7%;氨氮的去除率率为0.5%,最高为3%;盐度几乎没有发生变化;第一阶段到第六阶段,电压在161-172mv左右,最大值为172mv,电流密度为160-169.88m A/m2,最大值为169.88m A/m2,功率密度为25.92-29.22 m W/m2,最大值为29.22 m W/m2;第七阶段到第九阶段,由于COD浓度不能满足微生物需求,电压值逐步降低,由132mv降至45mv,电流密度由130.37 m A/m2降至44.44 m A/m2,功率密度由17.21 m W/m2降至2 m W/m2。构造模型,建立电压与COD之间的数学关系。基于本实验模型,当榨菜废水的COD浓度低于300mg/L时,电压与COD之间几乎呈线性关系,关系式为y=0.51x,其中y值为电压,单位为mv,x值为COD浓度,单位为mg/L。本模型主要针对低浓度高盐度的榨菜废水,解决了COD测量时间长、受氯离子影响等问题。并可通过本实验模型,进一步优化,做成一个更稳定更精准更快速的生物传感器,快速测出电压值以推算出COD浓度。
[Abstract]:The main purpose of this experiment is to study the basic electrical properties of microbial fuel cells, to investigate the relationship between COD and voltage, and to construct biosensors. The basic model is as follows: the microbial fuel cell adopts a two-compartment configuration, namely anode chamber and cathode cell, which are separated by proton exchange membrane; The anode chamber and cathode chamber are made of resin glass, the length and width are 5.0X5.5X6.5cm, the effective volume is 150ml, the effective volume of water injection is 130ml, and a small hole of 5mm is opened in the anodic chamber. The anode chamber is anaerobic continuous flow with small magnetic beads built in, and the waste water of pickle mustard is fed into the anode chamber by peristaltic pump with 0.748ml/min, the cathode chamber is aerobic sequencing batch type, the solution is changed once a week, and the air is transported to the cathode chamber by 40-60ml/min by vacuum pump. The proton exchange membrane was cationic exchange membrane and the effective area of CEM,Ultrex CMI7000,Membranes International Inc.,USA, was 5.5 x 5.5 cm. The electrode was made of carbon cloth, length and width was 5X4.5cm, effective area was 20.25m2, the electrode was not coated with catalyst, the culture medium of cathode chamber and anode chamber was a certain concentration of wastewater from mustard. The electrode connection wire is connected to the ohmic resistance and voltage acquisition system, where the external resistance is determined to be 500ohm according to the polarization curve and the power density curve, and the voltage acquisition system records the data once per 1.5min. The experiment was divided into two parts: sequential batch culture and continuous flow culture. The treatment of COD, ammonia nitrogen and salinity and the electrical properties of microbial fuel cell were observed and compared respectively. In sequencing batch culture, the removal rate of COD was 88%, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was 9.8, the salinity of the batch was almost unchanged, and the maximum voltage of sequence batch was 191 MV. The continuous flow is divided into nine stages. The COD removal rate of each stage is about 20%, the highest is 31.7% of the ninth stage, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen is 0.5 and the highest is 3%. Salinity hardly changed; From the first stage to the sixth stage, the voltage is about 161-172mv, the maximum value is 172 MV, the current density is 160-169.88 Ma / m2, the maximum current density is 169.88 Ma / m2, and the power density is 25.92-29.22 MW / m2. The maximum value was 29.22mW / m2; From the seventh to the ninth stages, the voltage value decreased gradually from 132mv to 45mv, and the current density decreased from 130.37 m A/m2 to 44.44 Ma / m2 because the concentration of COD could not meet the demand of microorganism. The power density is reduced from 17.21 m W/m2 to 2 m W / m 2. The mathematical relationship between voltage and COD is established. Based on the experimental model, when the concentration of COD in pickle wastewater is lower than 300mg/L, the relationship between voltage and COD is almost linear, where y value is voltage, mv,x value is COD concentration and mg/L. is unit. This model mainly aims at the low concentration and high salinity of pickling wastewater, and solves the problems of long time of COD measurement and the influence of chloride ion. The model can be optimized to make a more stable, accurate and fast biosensor, and the voltage can be measured quickly to calculate the concentration of COD.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM911.45;X703

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