40.5MVA密闭电石炉参数及主要结构设计
发布时间：2018-11-06 16:02
【摘要】：密闭电石炉是当前电石工业的主流炉型,节能环保优质高产。目前国内在运行的密闭电石炉容量较小,功率因数低下,能耗高产量低,运行不稳定,严重影响了电石的正常生产,制约了电石工业的发展。究其原因,现有的密闭炉技术落后的主要原因是工艺参数不合理以及主要结构存在缺陷。本文源于大连华锐重工集团新产品开发项目,主要从以上两方面入手,进行40.5MVA密闭电石炉的设计开发,目标是使其成为国内先进的大容量密闭炉,促进电石炉技术的发展。论文介绍了电石炉技术的发展历程和电石炉的工作原理,结合工程实践分析比较了开放式、半密闭式和密闭电石炉各自的优缺点；计算确定了40.5MVA密闭电石炉的电炉产量、电极直径、极心圆直径、炉膛内径、二次电流等重要工艺参数；对关键部件如电极系统、环形加料机输出轴等进行了性能分析和选型,通过重要参数的确定,为主要结构设计提供了充分的理论依据。对40.5MVA密闭电石炉的主要部件的结构设计,包括炉体、炉盖、电极柱、加料系统、二次母线等主要部件的结构设计。运用类比设计的方法,采用了国内先进的密封炉盖技术、组合把持器电极技术、全对称变压器短网及环形加料机技术等,确定了圆形炉体、分体式水冷炉盖、组合式电极柱、圆盘给料机等主要结构形式,以此完成40.5MVA密闭电石炉整体设计。对传统的设计进行了技术改进,改善现有密闭电石炉的不足。采用耐高温的密封设计,使炉盖达到了优良的密封效果；采用短网三相等长,提高了入炉功率因数,增加了电炉产量；通过增加接触元件数量,使得二次电流分布更加均匀,电流密度降低,入炉电能利用率提高；将环形加料机气缸外置,延长了设备使用寿命,运行更加稳定；增加环保除尘装置,改善了车间环境,实现了清洁生产。通过技术改进优化,使40.5MVA密闭电石炉技术更加先进可靠。通过以上主要工作,完成了40.5MVA密闭电石炉整体结构的设计开发,绘制了40.5MVA密闭电石炉设备施工图,可直接供相关矿热炉工程施工借用或参考。设计的40.5MVA密闭电石炉系统,已经应用在新疆天业和中泰电石等多个项目中,经过两年多的工程实践验证,设备结构可靠,性能稳定,达到了优质高产低消耗的预期目标,在实际生产中取得了良好的应用效果。
[Abstract]:Closed calcium carbide furnace is the main type of calcium carbide industry, saving energy, environmental protection, high quality and high yield. At present, the capacity of closed calcium carbide furnace in operation in China is small, the power factor is low, the energy consumption is high and the output is low, and the operation is unstable, which seriously affects the normal production of calcium carbide and restricts the development of calcium carbide industry. The main reason for the backward technology of the existing closed furnace is the unreasonable process parameters and the defects of the main structure. This paper originates from the new product development project of Dalian Sinovel heavy Industry Group. The design and development of 40.5MVA closed calcium carbide furnace are mainly carried out from the above two aspects. The goal is to make it an advanced large capacity closed furnace in China and to promote the development of calcium carbide furnace technology. This paper introduces the development course of calcium carbide furnace technology and the working principle of calcium carbide furnace, and analyzes and compares the advantages and disadvantages of open, semi-closed and closed calcium carbide furnace in combination with engineering practice. Some important technological parameters, such as the output of 40.5MVA closed calcium carbide furnace, the diameter of electrode, the diameter of center circle, the inner diameter of furnace and the secondary current, are calculated and determined. The performance analysis and selection of key components such as electrode system and output shaft of ring feeder are carried out. Through the determination of important parameters, sufficient theoretical basis is provided for the main structural design. The structural design of main components of 40.5MVA closed calcium carbide furnace including furnace body, furnace cover, electrode column, feeding system, secondary bus, etc. By using the method of analogy design, adopting the advanced technology of sealing furnace cover in China, the electrode technology of combined controller, the technology of full symmetrical transformer short net and ring feeder, etc., the circular furnace body, the split water cooled furnace cover and the combined electrode column are determined. The whole design of 40.5MVA closed calcium carbide furnace is completed by the main structural forms such as disc feeder and so on. The traditional design is improved to improve the existing closed calcium carbide furnace. The seal design of high temperature resistance makes the furnace cover achieve excellent sealing effect, and adopts short net three-phase equal length to improve the power factor and increase the output of electric furnace. By increasing the number of contact elements, the secondary current distribution is more uniform, the current density is reduced, and the utilization ratio of electric energy into the furnace is increased, the cylinder of the annular feeder is placed outside, the service life of the equipment is prolonged and the operation is more stable. Increase environmental protection dust removal device, improve the workshop environment, achieve clean production. Through technical improvement and optimization, 40.5MVA closed calcium carbide furnace technology is more advanced and reliable. Through the above main work, the design and development of the whole structure of the 40.5MVA closed calcium carbide furnace are completed, and the working drawing of the 40.5MVA closed calcium carbide furnace equipment is drawn, which can be directly used or referenced for the construction of the related mine furnace. The 40.5MVA closed calcium carbide furnace system has been applied to many projects such as Tianye and Zhongtai calcium carbide in Xinjiang. After more than two years of engineering practice, the equipment structure is reliable, the performance is stable, and the expected goal of high quality, high yield and low consumption has been achieved. Good application effect has been obtained in actual production.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ161;TQ054
本文编号：2314763
[Abstract]:Closed calcium carbide furnace is the main type of calcium carbide industry, saving energy, environmental protection, high quality and high yield. At present, the capacity of closed calcium carbide furnace in operation in China is small, the power factor is low, the energy consumption is high and the output is low, and the operation is unstable, which seriously affects the normal production of calcium carbide and restricts the development of calcium carbide industry. The main reason for the backward technology of the existing closed furnace is the unreasonable process parameters and the defects of the main structure. This paper originates from the new product development project of Dalian Sinovel heavy Industry Group. The design and development of 40.5MVA closed calcium carbide furnace are mainly carried out from the above two aspects. The goal is to make it an advanced large capacity closed furnace in China and to promote the development of calcium carbide furnace technology. This paper introduces the development course of calcium carbide furnace technology and the working principle of calcium carbide furnace, and analyzes and compares the advantages and disadvantages of open, semi-closed and closed calcium carbide furnace in combination with engineering practice. Some important technological parameters, such as the output of 40.5MVA closed calcium carbide furnace, the diameter of electrode, the diameter of center circle, the inner diameter of furnace and the secondary current, are calculated and determined. The performance analysis and selection of key components such as electrode system and output shaft of ring feeder are carried out. Through the determination of important parameters, sufficient theoretical basis is provided for the main structural design. The structural design of main components of 40.5MVA closed calcium carbide furnace including furnace body, furnace cover, electrode column, feeding system, secondary bus, etc. By using the method of analogy design, adopting the advanced technology of sealing furnace cover in China, the electrode technology of combined controller, the technology of full symmetrical transformer short net and ring feeder, etc., the circular furnace body, the split water cooled furnace cover and the combined electrode column are determined. The whole design of 40.5MVA closed calcium carbide furnace is completed by the main structural forms such as disc feeder and so on. The traditional design is improved to improve the existing closed calcium carbide furnace. The seal design of high temperature resistance makes the furnace cover achieve excellent sealing effect, and adopts short net three-phase equal length to improve the power factor and increase the output of electric furnace. By increasing the number of contact elements, the secondary current distribution is more uniform, the current density is reduced, and the utilization ratio of electric energy into the furnace is increased, the cylinder of the annular feeder is placed outside, the service life of the equipment is prolonged and the operation is more stable. Increase environmental protection dust removal device, improve the workshop environment, achieve clean production. Through technical improvement and optimization, 40.5MVA closed calcium carbide furnace technology is more advanced and reliable. Through the above main work, the design and development of the whole structure of the 40.5MVA closed calcium carbide furnace are completed, and the working drawing of the 40.5MVA closed calcium carbide furnace equipment is drawn, which can be directly used or referenced for the construction of the related mine furnace. The 40.5MVA closed calcium carbide furnace system has been applied to many projects such as Tianye and Zhongtai calcium carbide in Xinjiang. After more than two years of engineering practice, the equipment structure is reliable, the performance is stable, and the expected goal of high quality, high yield and low consumption has been achieved. Good application effect has been obtained in actual production.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ161;TQ054
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