介孔二氧化硅的改性及其调湿性能的研究
发布时间：2018-12-11 02:54
【摘要】：湿度和人们的生产生活密切相关，对人体舒适度、产品生产过程与质量以及物品保存等都有重要意义。环境湿度的波动会对文物、药品、高端珠宝等造成严重的破坏。特别是像纺织品文物这样的有机质文物，对湿度的变化更为敏感。过去对调湿材料的研究主要着眼于材料的调湿速率和湿容量上，目标是制备出调湿速率快，湿容量大的高效调湿材料。课题组经过几年的研究，制备了包括调湿纸板、调湿球等8种不同成分的不同类型的高效调湿材料。但随着对调湿材料的应用研究的深入，我们发现相比于调湿速率和湿容量，保证调试性能的稳定性才是至关重要的。因此，本课题旨在保证调湿材料具有相对较优的调湿速率和湿容量的前提下，制备出一种具有稳定调湿性能的材料。 本课题根据纺织品文物存放环境的特殊要求，通过对介孔二氧化硅金属离子掺杂和扩孔等改性，测试其调湿性能，得到一种最适宜纺织品文物保护馆藏应用的调湿材料，得出孔道结构对调湿性能的关系。本课题在常规调湿性能测试方法的基础上，测试不同吸湿率情况下的平衡湿度，通过分析两者的关系，得出了不同材料的调控湿度精确度，以期更全面地对材料调湿性能进行评估。主要研究结果如下： （1）选用三嵌段共聚物P123作为模板剂在酸性介质下制备的SBA-15，是具有排布规整的六边形孔道结构的介孔材料，平均孔径6.03nm，具有较高比表面积和孔容，目标湿度为59.7%，符合纺织品文物存放环境湿度范围40%-60%，但略高于最佳湿度50%的要求。通过一步法和后处理法对其进行金属掺杂改性，研究发现只有一步法Si/Al=10和后处理法Si/Al=50的两种样品目标湿度存在细微下降，因此，金属改性对材料目标湿度的影响较小，通过金属改性大幅度降低目标湿度的方法无法实现。 （2）选用离子型表面活性剂CTAB在碱性介质中制备MCM-41，碱性介质、温度的选择以及模板剂和硅源的用量都会对其表面形貌、介孔的有序性、粒径大小和分散性产生影响。加入辅助剂TMB对其进行扩孔改性，得到一系列不同孔径的MCM-41，几种样品的氮气吸附-脱附等温线都属于LangmuirⅣ型。随着辅助剂用量的增加，孔径逐步增大，孔径分布先变窄后变宽，晶胞参数和衍射强度均呈现出先增大后减小的变化趋势。 （3）选用离子型表面活性剂CTAB在碱性介质中制备MCM-41，当[TMB]/[CTAB]=2.5和[TMB]/[CTAB]=5，孔径分别是3.64nm和4.01nm，，目标湿度分别是49.3%和50.1%，且调湿精确度较高，最符合纺织品文物湿度范围要求，这主要和其孔径大小和孔径分布情况有关。 本文制备的调湿材料具有工艺简单、调湿性能优异、调湿稳定性和重复性好等特点。对于湿度敏感性强的有机质文物具有积极地保护作用，可为文物创造一个恒湿干净的存放环境，对我国文物的预防性保护工作具有积极的意义。
[Abstract]:Humidity is closely related to people's production and life. It is of great significance to human body comfort, product production process and quality, and the preservation of articles. Environmental humidity fluctuations will cause serious damage to cultural relics, medicines, high-end jewelry and so on. In particular, organic artifacts such as textiles are more sensitive to changes in humidity. In the past, the research of humidifying materials mainly focused on the humidity regulation rate and capacity of the materials, and the goal was to prepare high efficiency humidification materials with high humidity regulation rate and large humidity capacity. After several years of research, eight kinds of high efficient humidifying materials including humidifying board and humidifying ball were prepared. However, with the further research on the application of humidifying materials, we find that it is very important to ensure the stability of the debugging performance compared with the humidification rate and the humidity capacity. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to prepare a kind of stable humidification material under the premise of better humidity regulation rate and humidity capacity. According to the special requirements of the storage environment of textile cultural relics, through the modification of mesoporous silica metal ions doping and pore reaming, the moisturizing properties of the materials are tested, and a moisturizing material is obtained, which is most suitable for the application of textile heritage preservation collections. The relationship between pore structure and humidification performance is obtained. On the basis of the conventional moisture adjusting performance test methods, this paper tests the equilibrium humidity under different moisture absorption rates, and through analyzing the relationship between the two, the accuracy of humidity control of different materials is obtained. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the humidification performance of the material more comprehensively. The main results are as follows: (1) the SBA-15, prepared by using triblock copolymer P123 as template in acidic medium is a mesoporous material with hexagonal pore structure, with an average pore size of 6.03 nm. It has high specific surface area and pore volume, and the target humidity is 59.7%, which accords with the range of 40% -60% humidity in the storage environment of textile relics, but is slightly higher than the requirement of 50% of the optimum humidity. Through the one-step method and the post-treatment method, it is found that only one-step Si/Al=10 and post-treatment Si/Al=50 have slight decrease in the target humidity of the two samples, so the metal modification has little effect on the target humidity of the material. It is impossible to reduce the target humidity by metal modification. (2) the ionic surfactant CTAB is used to prepare MCM-41, alkaline medium in alkaline medium. The selection of temperature and the amount of template and silicon source will affect the surface morphology, mesoporous order, particle size and dispersion. A series of MCM-41, samples with different pore sizes were modified by adding auxiliary agent TMB. The nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms of a series of MCM-41, samples all belong to Langmuir 鈪
本文编号：2371731
[Abstract]:Humidity is closely related to people's production and life. It is of great significance to human body comfort, product production process and quality, and the preservation of articles. Environmental humidity fluctuations will cause serious damage to cultural relics, medicines, high-end jewelry and so on. In particular, organic artifacts such as textiles are more sensitive to changes in humidity. In the past, the research of humidifying materials mainly focused on the humidity regulation rate and capacity of the materials, and the goal was to prepare high efficiency humidification materials with high humidity regulation rate and large humidity capacity. After several years of research, eight kinds of high efficient humidifying materials including humidifying board and humidifying ball were prepared. However, with the further research on the application of humidifying materials, we find that it is very important to ensure the stability of the debugging performance compared with the humidification rate and the humidity capacity. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to prepare a kind of stable humidification material under the premise of better humidity regulation rate and humidity capacity. According to the special requirements of the storage environment of textile cultural relics, through the modification of mesoporous silica metal ions doping and pore reaming, the moisturizing properties of the materials are tested, and a moisturizing material is obtained, which is most suitable for the application of textile heritage preservation collections. The relationship between pore structure and humidification performance is obtained. On the basis of the conventional moisture adjusting performance test methods, this paper tests the equilibrium humidity under different moisture absorption rates, and through analyzing the relationship between the two, the accuracy of humidity control of different materials is obtained. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the humidification performance of the material more comprehensively. The main results are as follows: (1) the SBA-15, prepared by using triblock copolymer P123 as template in acidic medium is a mesoporous material with hexagonal pore structure, with an average pore size of 6.03 nm. It has high specific surface area and pore volume, and the target humidity is 59.7%, which accords with the range of 40% -60% humidity in the storage environment of textile relics, but is slightly higher than the requirement of 50% of the optimum humidity. Through the one-step method and the post-treatment method, it is found that only one-step Si/Al=10 and post-treatment Si/Al=50 have slight decrease in the target humidity of the two samples, so the metal modification has little effect on the target humidity of the material. It is impossible to reduce the target humidity by metal modification. (2) the ionic surfactant CTAB is used to prepare MCM-41, alkaline medium in alkaline medium. The selection of temperature and the amount of template and silicon source will affect the surface morphology, mesoporous order, particle size and dispersion. A series of MCM-41, samples with different pore sizes were modified by adding auxiliary agent TMB. The nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms of a series of MCM-41, samples all belong to Langmuir 鈪
本文编号：2371731
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