功能化氧化石墨烯改性的聚醚砜基复合质子交换膜的制备及性能研究
发布时间：2019-06-19 04:43
【摘要】：燃料电池(Fuel Cell)是一种可以将存在于燃料与氧化剂中的化学能直接转化为电能的发电装置,具有能量转化效率高,环境亲和性好等优点。燃料电池一般由电极、电解质隔膜和集电器等构成,其中电解质隔膜是燃料电池中的核心部件,因此,它的性质的好坏直接影响燃料电池的性能。在燃料电池中,质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)使用的较为普遍,因为质子交换膜(PEM)是PEMFC的核心部件,因此,使用性能较好的PEM是非常重要的。目前,美国杜邦公司生产的Nafion膜是应用比较广泛的一种PEM,这种膜有较高的质子传导率和较好的化学稳定性等优点,但同样存在一些弊端,如：成本较高、操作温度不能超过80℃、较高的甲醇渗透率等。针对这些弊端,磺化芳香族主链聚合物因其具备较好的热稳定性和化学稳定性等综合性能,而开始广泛地在燃料电池中被研究。在多种质子交换膜中,有机-无机复合质子交换膜近年来受到了普遍的关注,主要体现在无机粒子的加入能够提高膜的机械性能,热稳定性,减小膜的溶胀,有时还可以提高质子传输等。本论文的研究主要集中在利用功能化氧化石墨烯改性聚合物电解质构筑有机-无机复合质子交换膜,并对其结构和性能进行表征,具体包括以下两个部分工作：一、首次通过可逆加成-断裂链转移聚合(RAFT)制备了磺化聚苯乙烯刷接枝的氧化石墨烯(SPB-FGO),并将其引入到磺化聚醚砜基质中构筑了一系列复合质子交换膜。我们对SPB-FGO和不同SPB-FGO掺杂量的复合膜的性能进行了详细的研究。结果显示,复合膜的一些性能,如：质子传导率、热稳定性、机械稳定性和抗氧化稳定性能都较纯膜提高了很多,同时,复合膜的甲醇渗透率要低于纯膜的。2 wt% SPB-FGO掺杂量的复合膜在25℃下的质子传导率将近是纯膜的2倍。我们的研究表明引入适量的SPB-FGO可以提高质子交换膜的综合性能,这为有机-无机复合膜的设计与构筑开辟了新思路。二、基于磺化聚醚砜(SPES)的-S03H与季铵盐化氧化石墨烯(QGO)中的季铵盐基团之间的相互作用,构筑了一系列离子交联型复合质子交换膜。SPES/QGO复合膜与纯膜相比具有较好的抗氧化性和机械性能；同时,复合膜的溶胀率、吸水率和甲醇渗透率都较纯膜降低了很多,特别是复合膜SPES-10-QGO表现出了最低的溶胀率和吸水率。此外,随着QGO的引入使得复合膜的质子传导率下降,但在800C的条件下复合膜SPES-10-QGO的质子传导率仍然可以到达0.0185 S cm-1。SPES-QGO离子交联膜具有很好的综合性能,因此可以作为很有潜能的质子交换膜材料。
[Abstract]:Fuel cell (Fuel Cell) is a kind of power generation device which can directly convert the chemical energy existing in fuel and oxidant into electric energy. It has the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency and good environmental affinity. Fuel cell is generally composed of electrode, electrolyte diaphragm and collector, in which electrolyte diaphragm is the core component of fuel cell, therefore, its properties directly affect the performance of fuel cell. Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is widely used in fuel cells. Because proton exchange membrane (PEM) is the core component of PEMFC, it is very important to use PEM with good performance. At present, the Nafion membrane produced by DuPont Company in the United States is a widely used PEM, membrane, which has the advantages of high proton conductivity and good chemical stability, but it also has some disadvantages, such as high cost, operating temperature can not exceed 80 鈩，
本文编号：2502100
[Abstract]:Fuel cell (Fuel Cell) is a kind of power generation device which can directly convert the chemical energy existing in fuel and oxidant into electric energy. It has the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency and good environmental affinity. Fuel cell is generally composed of electrode, electrolyte diaphragm and collector, in which electrolyte diaphragm is the core component of fuel cell, therefore, its properties directly affect the performance of fuel cell. Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is widely used in fuel cells. Because proton exchange membrane (PEM) is the core component of PEMFC, it is very important to use PEM with good performance. At present, the Nafion membrane produced by DuPont Company in the United States is a widely used PEM, membrane, which has the advantages of high proton conductivity and good chemical stability, but it also has some disadvantages, such as high cost, operating temperature can not exceed 80 鈩，
本文编号：2502100
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