硫自养反硝化土壤渗滤反应器处理生活污水的研究

发布时间：2017-12-27 03:30

本文关键词：硫自养反硝化土壤渗滤反应器处理生活污水的研究　出处：《中国地质大学(北京)》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：生活污水的过度排放会使水质恶化、破坏生态平衡、危害人类健康。尽管污水处理厂能有效地处理大部分来自城镇的生活污水,然而大型的污水处理厂造价高、能源消耗与占地面积都很大,在偏远农村地区难以广泛地推广应用,因此处理偏远农村地区的生活污水,应当开发一种简单而有效的就地处理系统。本研究结合了传统的土壤处理工艺与生物反应器工艺,构建了一套硫/硫铁矿自养反硝化土壤渗滤生物反应器(SIBSAD/SIBPAD)系列,具体的研究结果如下:对于石英砂、沸石、活性炭与火山岩这些天然多孔滤料的吸附实验表明,活性炭对COD,沸石对氨氮与硝氮、火山岩对总磷的具有良好的吸附性能。动态吸附柱实验结果表明反应器对氨氮的吸附效果最好,吸附率达到了53.46%,吸附饱和时间超过9 h。SIBSAD/SIBPAD系列在120天的模拟生活污水实验期(包括14 d实际污水实验期)内,SIBSAD的COD去除率达到86.32%,氨氮去除率为92.56%,总磷去除率为77.40%,其中ANS的硝氮去除率为89.74%;而SIBPAD的COD去除率为87.14%,氨氮去除率为89.65%,总磷去除率82.58%,其中ANS的硝氮去除率为80.72%。SIBSAD对硝氮的去除能力要高于SIBPAD,但是SIBSAD的出水p H最终降为3.47,且硫酸根浓度最高可达到了145.46 mg L-1;SIBPAD的总磷去除率要高于SIBSAD,其出水p H保持在7以上,且硫酸根最高浓度仅为63.22 mg L-1。SIBSAD中的反硝化作用主要来自硫杆菌属Thiobacillus,而且还存在大量产硫酸的硫氧化菌属如Sulfobacillus、Acidiphilium、Thiomonas以及Acidithiobacillus,造成出水的p H值持续降低与硫酸根浓度过量,生物多样性单一。而SIBPAD中的反硝化作用不仅来自硫杆菌属Thiobacillus,更多的是依靠异养反硝化菌Thauera与Halomonas,这表明其反硝化实际上是一个自养与异养结合的兼养进程,它保证了出水p H保持稳定且硫酸根生成量小,还拥有较高的生物多样性。SIBSAD/SIBPAD系列具有实际应用前景,为就地处理生活污水领域提供了一种合适的备选方案,同时也为我们开发自养反硝化与土壤处理的结合工艺提供了理论基础。
[Abstract]:The excessive discharge of domestic sewage will aggravate the water quality, destroy the ecological balance and harm the human health. Although most effectively from the town sewage treatment plant sewage treatment plant can, however, the high cost of energy consumption and covers an area of large sewage treatment are large, in remote rural areas is difficult to be widely used in remote rural areas, so the treatment of domestic sewage, in situ treatment system should be the development of a simple and effective. This study combines the technology of soil treatment and conventional bioreactors, and constructs a set of sulfur autotrophic denitrification / pyrite leaching of soil biological reactor (SIBSAD/SIBPAD) series, the specific research results are as follows: to show that the adsorption experiment of quartz sand, zeolite, activated carbon and volcano rocks of these natural porous media, on activated carbon COD zeolite has good adsorption properties of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, total phosphorus of the volcano rock. The experimental results of dynamic adsorption column show that the adsorption efficiency of ammonia nitrogen is the best, the adsorption rate is 53.46%, and the adsorption saturation time is over 9 h. SIBSAD/SIBPAD series on the 120 day of the experimental period of simulated sewage (including 14 d experimental period, the actual sewage) SIBSAD COD removal rate reached 86.32%, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was 92.56%, the total phosphorus removal rate was 77.40%, the nitrate removal rate of ANS was 89.74% SIBPAD; and the removal rate of COD is 87.14%, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen as of 89.65%, the total phosphorus removal rate of 82.58%, the nitrate removal rate of ANS was 80.72%. SIBSAD removal of nitrate is higher than that of SIBPAD, but the SIBSAD of the effluent P H eventually reduced to 3.47, and the sulfate concentration can reach a maximum of 145.46 mg L-1 SIBPAD; the total phosphorus removal rate is higher than SIBSAD, the effluent P H remained above 7, and the highest concentration of sulfate was only 63.22 mg L-1. In SIBSAD denitrification mainly from Thiobacillus Thiobacillus, but also has produced a large amount of sulfate sulfur oxidizing bacteria genera such as Sulfobacillus, Acidiphilium, Thiomonas and Acidithiobacillus, resulting in the water P H value decreased with excessive sulfate concentration, single biological diversity. In SIBPAD, the denitrification not only from Thiobacillus Thiobacillus, more is to rely on Thauera and Halomonas of heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria, suggesting that the denitrification is actually a combination of facultative autotrophic and heterotrophic processes, which ensure the effluent P H remained stable and sulfate formation, also has high biological diversity. The SIBSAD/SIBPAD series has practical application prospects, which provides a suitable alternative for on-site treatment of domestic sewage, and also provides a theoretical basis for developing the combined process of autotrophic denitrification and soil treatment.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X799.3

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