北京市城区生活垃圾理化特性调查研究

发布时间：2017-12-28 14:24

本文关键词：北京市城区生活垃圾理化特性调查研究　出处：《北京工业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文在了解了北京市的朝阳、海淀和昌平三个区以及成都、大连、呼和浩特、重庆、南京、青岛这些地方开展的生活垃圾理化特性检测工作。同时研究了国内外垃圾分类现状,尤其是国内北京、广州和上海三个城市的情况。在此前提下,对北京市城区生活垃圾的理化特性主要包括物理成分、含水率、发热量等进行了详细调查和检测工作,通过2012的具体数据和汇总近三年的数据,分析其理化特性的变化趋势。并且从城区各区、功能区和垃圾分类小区三个方向对北京市城区生活垃圾的理化特性进行了调查。得出:①城区垃圾热值均值达到焚烧要求,适宜焚烧处理,但受季节等因素影响,部分垃圾在进行焚烧前需要一定的前期处理,以提高热值。此外在政府大力推荐全市垃圾处理中加大焚烧比列的情况下,需要更好的进行垃圾分类,并提高垃圾热值。②近几年厨余含量虽然呈下降趋势,但在垃圾总量的比重比较大,厨余垃圾的收集和处理工作形式依然严峻。加大厨余垃圾处理力度势在必行。垃圾生化处理的比重必将不断加大。③鉴于目前填埋场的超负荷运转、产生严重恶臭等二次污染问题以及土地紧张等问题,填埋的比例必将不断减小。最终进入填埋场的垃圾只能是经过层层筛分和处理后的垃圾。同时结合城区垃圾从源头到最终处置的物流情况和现行的垃圾处理设施包括转运站、填埋场和综合处理园的处理范围、能力等,得出生活垃圾处理必将优先采用垃圾焚烧、提升生化处理比例,减少填埋的处理趋势。总之,根据优先顺序,结合该设施的处理能力、自身能够处理的垃圾种类,并切实考虑运距的影响,对未来生活垃圾物流进行科学调配。
[Abstract]:In this paper, we have learned about the physical and chemical characteristics testing of municipal solid waste in three districts of Chaoyang, Haidian and Changping, and Chengdu, Dalian, Hohhot, Chongqing, Nanjing and Qingdao in Beijing. At the same time, the status of domestic and foreign garbage classification, especially in Beijing, Guangzhou and Shanghai, three cities in China. Under this premise, the physical and chemical characteristics of MSW, including physical composition, moisture content and calorific value, were investigated and tested in detail. The change trend of physical and chemical characteristics was analyzed through 2012 specific data and three years of data collected in Beijing. The physical and chemical characteristics of municipal solid waste in Beijing city were investigated in three directions, each district, the functional area and the garbage classification district. It is concluded that: (1) the average calorific value of municipal solid waste meets the requirements of incineration, and is suitable for incineration. However, affected by season and other factors, some wastes need pre-treatment before incineration, so as to increase the calorific value. In addition, the government strongly recommended the city garbage disposal in case of incineration has increased, the classification of garbage need better, and improve the calorific value of garbage. In recent years, the content of kitchen surplus is declining, but the proportion of the total amount of waste is relatively large, and the form of the collection and treatment of kitchen waste is still severe. It is imperative to increase the disposal of kitchen waste. The proportion of waste biochemical treatment will certainly increase. (3) the proportion of landfills will be reduced in view of the current two pollution problems, such as the overloading of the landfill, the serious odor and so on, as well as the land tension. The waste that eventually enters the landfill is only through layers of sieving and processing. At the same time, combined with the city garbage from the source to the final disposal of the logistics situation and existing waste treatment facilities including transfer station, landfill and comprehensive processing park processing range and capacity, the garbage disposal will give priority to the use of waste incineration, improve biochemical treatment ratio, decreasing trends in the treatment of landfill. In short, according to the order of priority, combined with the processing ability, the facility can deal with garbage category, and to consider the influence of distance, scientific deployment of MSW logistics in future.
【学位授予单位】：北京工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X799.3

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