腐殖质对水体中抗生素光降解作用的影响

发布时间：2017-12-28 19:00

本文关键词：腐殖质对水体中抗生素光降解作用的影响　出处：《大连海事大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文主要研究了水中抗生素的光化学降解过程。抗生素广泛应用于人类医学、兽医和水产养殖业,几十年来,在海洋环境(如：动物,植物)中使用抗生素以保证海洋资源开发。在海洋、兽医医药和人类药物中使用抗生素会给水生和陆生环境带来问题,而且存在于水中的药物对人类和水生生态系统具有潜在的负面影响,这也得到了人们的广泛关注。所以水中抗生素的存在,对人类健康构成威胁。光化学降解法是分析环境中抗生素转化的一种主要途径,腐殖质在这一过程中发挥了重要作用。土壤中的腐殖质吸收光,可能与抗生素竞争吸收光子；另外土壤的腐殖质能产生光能量和活性氧的激发态吸收,可能导致抗生素的间接光解。同时,腐殖质和腐殖酸的分子结构来源和抗生素的中的作用,以及环境因素,和许多其他相关的抗生素。本文以甲砜霉素和土霉素两种常用的抗生素,研究其在模拟海水与淡水中的光化学降解。光解的影响研究腐殖质和卤素离子,考虑到pH值的影响,光照等因素。得到如下结论：1.在紫外光照射下,甲砜霉素在纯水和模拟海水中均发生光降解,光解速率随着初始浓度的增加而减小；腐殖质的加入均抑制了甲砜霉素的光降解；甲砜霉素在模拟海水中的光解比在纯水中光解快；在模拟日光照射下,甲砜霉素不发生显著光降解,腐殖质没有显著作用。2.盐酸土霉素在模拟日光照射下(290 nnm)和可见光照射下(380 nm)下均发生显著光降解；在模拟日光照射下,腐殖质对盐酸土霉素的光降解没有显著的促进作用；而在可见光照射下,腐殖质的存在显著地促进了盐酸土霉素的光降解；在含有腐殖质的条件下,氯离子抑制了盐酸土霉素的光降解。这项研究揭示了抗生素在环境中的光化学行为,以及腐殖质的光化学行为的影响。研究光降解对抗生素进入自然水体后的行为以及这些污染物对环境影响是至关重要的。
[Abstract]:The photochemical degradation process of antibiotics in water was studied in this paper. Antibiotics are widely used in human medicine, veterinary medicine and aquaculture. In recent decades, antibiotics have been used in marine environment, such as animals and plants, to ensure the development of marine resources. The use of antibiotics in marine, veterinary medicine and human medicines will bring problems to the aquatic and terrestrial environment, and the drugs that exist in the water have potential negative effects on human beings and aquatic ecosystems. So the existence of antibiotics in the water poses a threat to human health. Photochemical degradation is one of the main ways to analyze the transformation of antibiotics in the environment. Humus plays an important role in this process. Humus in the soil absorbs light and may compete with antibiotics to absorb photons. In addition, humus in the soil can generate excited state absorption of light energy and reactive oxygen species, which may lead to indirect photodegradation of antibiotics. At the same time, the molecular structure of humus and humic acids and the role of antibiotics, as well as environmental factors, and many other related antibiotics. The photochemical degradation of the two kinds of antibiotics used in the simulated seawater and fresh water were studied in this paper. The effects of photolysis are studied on humus and halogen ions, taking into account the effects of the pH value, light and other factors. The conclusions are as follows: 1. under UV irradiation, thiamphenicol in pure water and seawater were light degradation, photolysis rate decreases with the increase of initial concentration; adding humus was inhibited by light degradation of thiamphenicol; Thiamphenicol in photolysis in simulated seawater than in pure water photolysis fast; in simulated sunlight, thiamphenicol not significant degradation, no significant effect of humus. 2. oxytetracycline hydrochloride in under simulated solar light irradiation (290 NNM) and visible light (380 nm) were significant degradation; in simulated sunlight irradiation, photodegradation of humic substances on oxytetracycline hydrochloride had no significant effect; while under visible light irradiation, humus in significantly enhanced the photocatalytic degradation oxytetracycline hydrochloride; in the presence of humus under conditions of chloride ions inhibited the photodegradation of oxytetracycline hydrochloride. The study revealed the photochemical behavior of antibiotics in the environment, as well as the effects of the photochemical behavior of humus. It is essential to study the behavior of photodegradation after the entry of antibiotics into the natural water body and the effects of these pollutants on the environment.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X131.2

【相似文献】