纺织印染废水深度脱色处理工艺研究

发布时间：2017-12-30 17:45

本文关键词：纺织印染废水深度脱色处理工艺研究　出处：《西安建筑科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国是纺织印染业大国,作为我国主要的经济支柱,印染行业在推动我国经济发展的同时给我国的生态环境也带来了严重的污染。随着我国环保要求的日益严格和“水十条”的推进,原有的纺织印染废水排放标准已无法满足新的环保需求。其中印染废水的深度脱色处理是该行业面临的主要难题之一。基于此以提高色度去除率为目的的印染废水深度脱色处理工艺研究具有非常重要的现实意义。本课题就广州佛山鑫龙污水处理厂二级出水的深度脱色处理开展系统研究,在对我国印染废水处理现状广泛调查与分析的基础上,分析了鑫龙污水处理厂进出水水质;评价了该污水处理厂二级处理工艺的处理效果以及处理出水中有机物的理化特性,为研究路线的确定提供理论依据;通过多种印染废水深度脱色处理工艺的小型试验,筛选出最佳深度脱色处理工艺;对最佳深度脱色处理工艺进行了方案设计研究并分析其运行费用。研究结果表明,鑫龙污水处理厂二级出水的COD、BOD、SS等指标基本达标,但色度远远超标,出水色度在80倍左右。通过对出水中有机物理化特性的分析可得,废水生物处理中由微生物代谢产生的蛋白类、腐殖酸类大分子有机物为主要组成部分,其中COD和色度物质在分子量大于100k区间的分别占到46%、44%。基于二级生物处理出水中有机物的理化特性分析,提出了以混凝为核心的深度脱色处理工艺,并优化筛选了絮凝剂、助凝剂。分析评价了混凝工艺的处理功效,结果表明以PAC为絮凝剂(投加量为150mg/L),PAM为助凝剂(投加量为10mg/L)时,出水色度可由80降低至50。为了进一步提高脱色效率,研究了6种以混凝为核心的二级或三级化学-物化组合处理工艺。结果表明臭氧预氧化与混凝组合工艺不仅具有显著的脱色效果(色度可降低至20),还可减少混凝剂的投加量,大大降低了运行成本。对臭氧预氧化-混凝工艺进行了方案设计研究,对各处理单元进行了初步设计、设备选型以及平面和高程布置,并分析计算了该深度脱色处理工艺的运行成本,为鑫龙污水处理厂深度脱色处理工程的设计和建设提供了参考和依据。
[Abstract]:China is a large country in textile printing and dyeing industry, as the main economic pillar of our country. Printing and dyeing industry not only promotes the economic development of our country, but also brings serious pollution to the ecological environment of our country. The original discharge standard of textile printing and dyeing wastewater can no longer meet the new environmental protection requirements. The advanced decolorization of printing and dyeing wastewater is one of the main problems faced by the industry. Based on this, the printing and dyeing waste with the aim of increasing the removal rate of colority can not be satisfied. It is of great practical significance to study the process of deep decolorization of water. This paper has carried out a systematic study on the advanced decolorization of secondary effluent from Xinlong sewage treatment plant in Foshan, Guangzhou. Based on the extensive investigation and analysis of the present situation of printing and dyeing wastewater treatment in China, the water quality in and out of Xinlong sewage treatment Plant is analyzed. The treatment effect of the secondary treatment process and the physical and chemical properties of the organic matter in the wastewater treatment plant were evaluated, which provided the theoretical basis for the determination of the research route. The best advanced decolorization process was selected through a small scale experiment of various advanced decolorization processes for printing and dyeing wastewater. The optimal advanced decolorization process was designed and its operating cost was analyzed. The results showed that the COD- BODSS of the secondary effluent of Xinlong sewage treatment plant basically reached the standard. But the chroma is far beyond the standard, the chroma of effluent is about 80 times. Through the analysis of the physical and chemical properties of organic matter in the effluent, the protein produced by microbial metabolism in wastewater biological treatment can be obtained. Humic acid macromolecular organic matter is the main component of which COD and chromaticity substances account for 46% in the range of molecular weight > 100k respectively. Based on the analysis of physical and chemical properties of organic matter in secondary biological treatment, the advanced decolorization process with coagulation as the core was put forward, and the flocculant was optimized and screened. Coagulant aid. The treatment effect of coagulation process is analyzed and evaluated. The results show that when PAC is used as flocculant (dosage is 150 mg / L) as coagulant aid (dosage is 10 mg / L). The chroma of effluent can be reduced from 80 to 50. In order to further improve the decolorization efficiency. Six secondary or tertiary chemical-physicochemical processes with coagulation as the core were studied. The results showed that the combined process of ozone pre-oxidation and coagulation not only had significant decolorization effect (chroma can be reduced to 20). It can also reduce the dosage of coagulant and greatly reduce the running cost. The project design of ozone pre-oxidation-coagulation process has been carried out and the preliminary design of each treatment unit has been carried out. The operation cost of the advanced decolorization process is analyzed and calculated, which provides a reference and basis for the design and construction of the advanced decolorization project of Xinlong sewage treatment Plant.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X791

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