进口贸易技术溢出对中国东中西部碳排放的影响研究

发布时间：2017-12-31 23:29

本文关键词：进口贸易技术溢出对中国东中西部碳排放的影响研究　出处：《南京财经大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：人类在实现经济发展的同时,也造成了严峻的环境问题-全球气候变暖。经济活动所排放的大量二氧化碳是造成全球变暖的重要原因。因此,控制二氧化碳排放受到各国政府的重视。学术界也开始对此相关问题进行研究。技术进步是节能减排的重要措施,而推动技术进步的方式有很多途径。从世界各国经验来看,进口贸易是一国技术溢出的重要渠道,通过进口贸易,实现技术转让,推动技术进步,从而提高进口国的节能减排能力与水平。本文在此背景下,对中国进口贸易技术外溢对碳排放的影响进行研究。首先,本文梳理了相关研究文献,借鉴已有的研究成果,从中间品、资本品进口直接的技术溢出效应和其所带来的动态技术溢出效应两方面分析了进口贸易技术溢出对碳减排的作用机理。即：中间品、资本品的进口能够带来直接的技术溢出,消费品进口虽然能减少国内生产,减少碳排放,但无技术溢出；中间品、资本品的进口还可带来动态的技术进步效应,模仿效应、培训效应和竞争效应。其次,本文分析了当前中国碳排放现状及进口贸易的发展概况。分析结果表明：中国碳排放占世界的比重不断上升；中国东部地区的碳排放远大于中西部地区。再次,借鉴经济发展对环境影响模型,将中间品、资本品进口技术外溢作为自变量,碳排放量作为因变量,加入经济规模、经济结构、国内技术进步三个控制变量,并分别引入中间品、资本品进口技术外溢与经济规模、经济结构的交叉项建立了本文的实证模型,实证分析了进口贸易技术溢出对中国东中西部碳排放的直接影响和间接影响。从实证结果来看,进口贸易技术溢出有利于我国碳减排,中间品相比资本品进口在碳减排中作用大；进口技术溢出能够减少由于经济规模扩大与第二产业比重增加所带来的碳排放增加量；东部地区进口技术溢出在碳减排中的作用要大于中、西部地区；中、西部地区经济规模的扩大所带来的碳排放增加量要大于东、中部地区；东部地区第二产业发展比中、西部地区所带来的碳排放增加量大。本文在理论与实证研究的基础上提出,要重视发挥进口技术溢出在碳减排的作用；中国要继续扩大进口贸易,增加中间品进口比重；中、西部地区在扩大进口同时要加强低碳政策执行力度；东部要加强低碳技术引进,促进第二产业向低碳转型。
[Abstract]:At the same time, human beings have caused severe environmental problems, such as global warming. A large amount of carbon dioxide emitted from economic activities is an important cause of global warming. The control of carbon dioxide emissions has received the attention of governments. Academic circles also began to study the related issues. Technological progress is an important measure of energy saving and emission reduction. There are many ways to promote technological progress. From the experience of other countries, import trade is an important channel of technology spillover. Through import trade, technology transfer can be realized and technology progress can be promoted. In order to improve the ability and level of energy conservation and emission reduction in importing countries, this paper studies the impact of technology spillover on carbon emissions in China's import trade against this background. First, this paper combs the relevant research literature. Draw lessons from the existing research results, from the intermediate. The direct technology spillover effect of capital goods import and the dynamic technology spillover effect are analyzed in this paper. The import of capital goods can bring direct technology spillover. Although the import of consumer goods can reduce domestic production and reduce carbon emissions, there is no technology spillover. The import of intermediate goods and capital goods can also bring dynamic technological progress effect, imitation effect, training effect and competition effect. This paper analyzes the current situation of China's carbon emissions and the development of import trade. The results show that the proportion of China's carbon emissions in the world is rising; The carbon emissions in the eastern part of China are much larger than those in the central and western regions. Thirdly, using the model of economic development on the environmental impact, intermediate goods, capital goods imported technology spillover as independent variables, carbon emissions as dependent variables. Add the economic scale, economic structure, domestic technological progress three variables, and introduce intermediate goods, capital goods import technology spillover and economic scale, economic structure cross terms to establish the empirical model of this paper. The direct and indirect effects of import trade technology spillover on China's carbon emissions are analyzed empirically. From the empirical results, import trade technology spillover is beneficial to carbon emission reduction in China. Compared with the import of capital goods, intermediate products play a more important role in reducing carbon emissions; Import technology spillover can reduce the increase of carbon emissions caused by the expansion of economic scale and the increase of secondary industry proportion; The effect of import technology spillover on carbon emission reduction in the eastern region is greater than that in the central and western regions; The increase of carbon emission caused by the expansion of economic scale in the western region is larger than that in the eastern and central regions. In the development ratio of the secondary industry in the eastern region, the increase of carbon emission brought by the western region is large. Based on the theoretical and empirical research, this paper puts forward that we should pay attention to the role of import technology spillover in carbon emission reduction; China will continue to expand its import trade and increase the proportion of imports of intermediate goods; China and the western region should strengthen the implementation of low-carbon policies while expanding imports; Eastern to strengthen the introduction of low-carbon technology to promote the secondary industry to low-carbon transition.
【学位授予单位】：南京财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F752.61;X22

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