基于遥感的饮用水源地农业面源污染负荷估算

发布时间：2018-01-01 09:14

本文关键词：基于遥感的饮用水源地农业面源污染负荷估算　出处：《生态学杂志》2016年12期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：近年来,农业面源污染(NPS)造成的水环境污染越来越严重、影响饮用水的安全,引起业内广泛关注。本文选取柴河饮用水源地二级保护区为研究对象,通过对当地居民进行问卷调查,提出一个新的机制性的方法来评估NPS的污染源(农业种植、畜禽养殖和农村生活)。利用动态平衡方程N污染=N流失+(1-α)N人+(1-β)N畜禽来分析TN、TP的动态变化和估算NPS总负荷。畜禽养殖和农村生活污染负荷评估采用排污系数法。此外,农业种植污染中施用化肥是一个重要的来源。利用遥感数据结合物候学理论,采用分类决策树法对作物进行分类并提取作物信息,确定作物类型。再建立归一化植被指数NDVI和不同作物产量之间的估产模型,施用肥料量可由此核算出来。结果表明,作物类型对遥感数据敏感,作物遥感估产模型的决定系数(R2)为0.91和0.64。由农业种植产生的TN和TP是最大的污染负荷,分别为205.9和61.61 t·a-1,这表明,农业种植是NPS的主要来源。研究成果有助于指导柴河饮用水源保护区的管理和降低下游水体受到污染的风险,达到恢复生态环境的成效。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the agricultural non-point source pollution (NPS) caused by water pollution is becoming more and more serious, affecting the safety of drinking water, caused widespread concern in the industry. This paper selects the Chai River source of drinking water in two protected areas as the research object, through a questionnaire survey of local residents, put forward a mechanism of new methods to evaluate the pollution source of NPS (agriculture, livestock and rural life). The loss of + using dynamic equilibrium equation of N pollution =N (1- alpha) + N (1- beta) TN N analysis of livestock and poultry, dynamic change and estimation of NPS TP. The total load of livestock and rural life pollution load assessment using discharge coefficient. In addition, agricultural pollution in chemical fertilizer is an important source of phenology. By using the theory of remote sensing data, the classification decision tree to classify crops and crop information extraction, determine the type of crop. Then establish the normalized difference vegetation index NDVI and different Crop yield estimation model between the amount of fertilizer can be calculated. The results showed that crop type sensitive to remote sensing data, the coefficient of determination crop yield estimation model (R2) is 0.91 and 0.64. produced by TN and TP is the agricultural pollution load of the largest, that were 205.9 and 61.61 T - A-1., farming is the main source of NPS. The research results are helpful to guide the Chai River drinking water source protection area management and reduce the risk of downstream water pollution, to restore the ecological environment effect.

【作者单位】：北京师范大学水科学研究院;山东省环境规划研究院;环境保护部南京环境科学研究所;
【基金】：环境保护部饮用水水源环境监管项目资助
【分类号】：X87;X71
【正文快照】： 京210042)环境保护部饮用水水源环境监管项目资助。area,decreasing in NPS loads into downstream water bodies and consequently restoring the eco-logical environment.水源地的作用是涵养与供给水源,包括一定的水域和面域,是水依托的生态环境。为保障人民群众健康饮水安

【相似文献】