水泥窑协同处置工业废弃物的生命周期评价

发布时间：2018-01-01 10:14

本文关键词：水泥窑协同处置工业废弃物的生命周期评价　出处：《大连理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：水泥工业是我国基础性原材料工业的支柱。我国2013年水泥产量相比2012年增加了9.8%,截至2013年底水泥产能达到30亿吨／年。由于水泥生产工艺的特殊性,其生产过程中会消耗大量不可再生能源,同时排放大量污染物如S02和NOx等,造成了严重的环境污染。另一方面,我国的工业废弃物的产生量不断增加,2013年我国工业废弃物产生量约为32.3亿吨,其中危险废弃物数量约有4600万吨。在这样的背景下,提出了水泥窑协同处置工业废弃物技术,它是指水泥工业利用现代水泥生产技术生产水泥的同时,消纳、处理部分工业废弃物,将其作为替代能源和原料,进行资源化利用,同时不会产生额外的环境影响。本文以废白土、废催化剂和污染土壤等工业废弃物为研究对象,运用生命周期评价方法,对水泥窑协同处置废弃物的环境影响进行评价。通过建立生产过程输入、输出清单,采用Gabi5.0软件从全球变暖潜值、资源消耗潜值、人体毒性潜值等方面进行建模与计算,对水泥窑常规生产工艺与协同处置工业废弃物工艺产生的环境影响进行比较。本论文主要研究内容如下：(1)运用生命周期评价方法,对实施水泥窑协同处置工业废弃物的水泥厂进行环境影响分析评价。确定研究范围,追溯水泥生产上下游工段,构建水泥生产全过程的生命周期清单,并且根据企业实际生产情况将水泥生产过程分为五个单元,对常规生产和协调处置两种工艺进行环境影响分析。(2)采用CML2001-Nov.2010模型对数据进行特征化和标准化,最终得出生命周期环境影响评价结果。计算了包括酸化、水体富营养化和温室效应潜值等在内的六种环境影响类型。结果表明,功能单位(1t)水泥的生产过程中,常规生产工艺和协同处置工艺的环境影响潜值分别为5.78E-11和5.61E-11,协同处置工艺使得全生命周期环境影响潜值降低了2.94%。(3)水泥生产过程最主要的环境影响是全球变暖和人体毒性,其中协同处置工艺下这两种环境影响分别降低了0.80%和1.80%,资源消耗相比常规生产降低了11.1%；从全生命周期看,水泥生产中熟料煅烧阶段对环境的影响最大,协同处置工艺下熟料煅烧阶段的环境影响比常规生产降低了8.0%。协同处置工艺相比常规生产工艺有更好的环境效益。
[Abstract]:Cement industry is the mainstay of the basic raw material industry in China. In 2013, the cement output in China increased by 9.8% compared with 2012. By end of 2013, cement production capacity has reached 3 billion tons per year. Due to the particularity of cement production process, a large number of non-renewable energy will be consumed in the process of cement production. At the same time, a large number of pollutants, such as S02 and NOx, have caused serious environmental pollution. On the other hand, the production of industrial wastes in China is increasing. In 2013, the production of industrial waste in China was about 3.23 billion tons, of which the quantity of hazardous waste was about 46 million tons. Under this background, the technology of cement kiln coordinated disposal of industrial waste was put forward. It refers to the cement industry using modern cement production technology to produce cement, at the same time, absorb and treat some industrial wastes, take them as alternative energy and raw materials, and use them as resources. At the same time, there will be no additional environmental impact. In this paper, waste clay, waste catalyst and contaminated soil and other industrial wastes as the research object, the use of life cycle evaluation method. The environmental impact of waste disposal in cement kilns was evaluated. By establishing the list of input and output of production process, the potential value of global warming and the potential value of resource consumption were obtained by Gabi5.0 software. Human toxicity potential and other aspects of modeling and calculation. This paper compares the environmental impact between conventional production process of cement kiln and coordinated disposal of industrial waste. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1) Life cycle evaluation method is used. The environmental impact analysis and evaluation of cement plant which implements cement kiln cooperative disposal of industrial waste is carried out. The research scope is determined, the upstream and downstream sections of cement production are traced back, and the life cycle list of the whole process of cement production is constructed. And according to the actual production situation of the enterprise cement production process is divided into five units. Environmental impact analysis of conventional production and coordinated disposal. 2) CML2001-Nov.2010 model is used to characterize and standardize the data. Finally, the results of life cycle environmental impact assessment were obtained. Six environmental impact types, including acidification, eutrophication and greenhouse potential, were calculated. The environmental impact potential of conventional production process and cooperative disposal process are 5.78E-11 and 5.61E-11 respectively. Collaborative disposal process makes the whole life cycle environmental impact potential reduced by 2.94. 3) the main environmental impact of cement production process is global warming and human toxicity. The two kinds of environmental effects were reduced by 0.80% and 1.80, respectively, and the resource consumption was decreased by 11.1in comparison with conventional production. From the whole life cycle, the clinker calcination stage has the greatest impact on the environment in cement production. The environmental impact of clinker calcination stage in cooperative disposal process is lower than that in conventional production, and the environmental benefit of collaborative treatment process is better than that of conventional production process.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ172.6;X705

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