巴中主要农产品及其产地土壤生态地球化学特征研究

发布时间：2018-01-01 17:42

  本文关键词：巴中主要农产品及其产地土壤生态地球化学特征研究　出处：《成都理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 土壤 生态地球化学特征 种植区划 巴中市

【摘要】：土壤是人类赖以生存、发展的物质基础,然而,随着城市化、工业化进程的加快,人口的日益增加,可利用的土壤资源日益减少,人地矛盾更加突出。本论文运用地球化学方法,在川东北巴中市巴州区、南江县、平昌县、通江县展开土壤调查,共采集到表层土壤344件,剖面土壤39件,作物样品49件,查明该地区不同土壤类型、不同土地利用类型、不同耕作制度类型、不同县区的元素含量特征,筛选出富硒、富碘、富锌作物,并运用比较指数法、单因子评价法、尼梅罗综合评价法、地质累积指数法、人类活动环境系数法对该区土壤质量进行评价,并最终对种植区进行区划。主要评价成果如下:(1)①不同土壤类型中元素含量特征。Se元素含量:黄棕壤水稻土黄壤紫色土;I元素含量:黄棕壤水稻土黄壤紫色土;S元素含量:水稻土紫色土黄棕壤黄壤;Zn元素含量:紫色土水稻土黄棕壤黄壤;Pb元素含量:紫色土黄棕壤黄壤水稻土;Cd元素含量:黄棕壤紫色土黄壤水稻土。②不同土地利用类型中元素含量特征。Se元素含量:茶园地其他园地蔬菜地林地农田果园地;I元素含量:茶园地林地其他园地果园地蔬菜地农田;S元素含量:蔬菜地林地其他园地农田茶园地果园地;Zn元素含量:果园地蔬菜地林地茶园地农田其他园地;Pb元素含量:果园地其他园地茶园地蔬菜地林地农田;Cd元素含量:其他园地蔬菜地茶园地=农田林地果园地。③不同耕作制度类型中元素含量特征。Se元素含量:水耕地旱作地水旱地;I元素含量:水耕地旱作地水旱地;S元素含量:水耕地水旱地旱作地;Zn元素含量:旱作地水耕地水旱地;Pb元素含量:水旱地旱作地水耕地;Cd元素含量:水旱地旱作地水耕地。④不同县区元素含量特征。Se元素含量:南江县通江县巴州区平昌县;I元素含量:南江县巴州区通江县平昌县;S元素含量:南江县巴州区通江县平昌县。Zn元素含量:南江县巴州区通江县平昌县;Pb元素含量:南江县平昌县巴州区通江县;Cd元素含量:巴州区=通江县平昌县=南江县。(2)作物样品中富Se作物为:巴州区恩阳镇明扬村采样的玉米、水稻,南江县下两镇元顶子村采样的茶叶,南江县长赤镇建华村采样的水稻,平昌县双鹿乡大鹿村采样的水稻、玉米;富I作物为巴州区恩阳镇明扬村采样的玉米;富Zn作物为:巴州区恩阳镇明扬村采样的玉米;平昌县双鹿乡大鹿村采样的玉米。(3)Se、I、S、Zn元素与全国背景值的比较指数为-6,有益元素含量中的Se、I、S元素低于全国水平。4个富硒区域为:南江县的下两镇、赶场镇、流坝乡,通江县的空山乡。344件土壤样品中,I元素高于全国平均含量的有3个,分布在:南江县下两镇元顶子村、南江县流坝乡金台村、通江县两河口乡木偌槽村。S元素最小值为63.2μg/g,巴中市表层土壤S元素含量丰富。344件土壤样品中,Zn元素高于全国平均值的样点为25个,分布在:巴州区的水宁寺、茶坝、玉堂;南江县的元潭、东榆、下两、长赤、寨坡、上两、关坝、石潭、流坝;平昌县的兰草、六门;通江县的诺江、三合。(4)表层土壤中Pb、Cd元素与全国背景值的比较指数为0,基本全国水平持平。表层土壤中Pb元素均符合国家一级、二级、三级土壤标准;Cd元素符合国家二级土壤标准,未符合国家一级土壤标准,但Cd元素剖面土样含量符合国家一级土壤标准。Pb元素尼梅罗综合污染指数为1.24,为轻度污染,Cd综合污染指数为2.99,为中度污染。Pb元素的地质累积指数为0.625,为轻污染;Cd元素的地质累积指数为1.869,为中度污染。人为活动环境富集系数显示:研究区Cd元素受人为活动影响较Pb元素大。(5)研究区划分为4个种植带:通江县空山镇富硒、富碘、富硫马铃薯种植带,南江县下两镇富硒、富碘、富锌茶叶种植带,南江县留坝乡富硒、富碘、富硫、富锌蔬菜种植带,南江县长赤镇富碘、富锌粮食种植带。
[Abstract]:The soil is the material basis for human survival and development, however, along with the city, industrialization, population increasing, soil available resources reducing increasingly, the contradiction between people and land more prominent. This paper uses geochemical methods, in Bazhou District, Bazhong City, Northeast Sichuan Nanjiang County, Pingchang County, soil survey Tongjiang County, we collected 344 surface soil, soil 39, crop samples 49, identify the different soil types in the area of different land use types, different types of farming system, the amount of features with different counties selected element, selenium, iodine, zinc rich crops, and compared with single index method. The comprehensive evaluation factor evaluation method, Nemero method, geological accumulation index method, evaluation of soil quality in the area of human activity environment coefficient method, and finally to partition the planting area. The main results are as follows: (1) different soil types The content of the element content of.Se element type: yellow brown paddy soil yellow purple soil; the content of I in yellow brown paddy soil and yellow soil, purple soil; S content: purple brown yellow brown paddy soil; Zn content: purple soil rice brown brown yellow soil; Pb content: purple color yellowish brown yellow Brown paddy soil; Cd content: yellow brown purple soil yellow paddy soil..Se content of the element content of different land use types in the orchard vegetable garden other woodland farm tea; I content: Tea Garden orchard woodland other vegetable fields farmland; S content: vegetable garden tea garden to other forest farmland fruit garden; Zn content: Vegetable orchard woodland garden farmland other garden; Pb content: Orchard garden tea garden vegetables to other forest farmland; the content of Cd: the vegetable garden tea garden = agricultural he Tianlin orchard. Content of the element content of.Se element type in different tillage system: hydroponic drought to flood and drought; I content: hydroponic and drought to flood and drought; S content: to flood and drought in hydroponics; Zn content: upland hydroponic water dry; Pb content: flood and drought dry land water land; Cd content: flood and drought water dry farmland. The different counties characteristic of element content of.Se element content: Bazhou Nanjiang County Tongjiang County Pingchang County; I content: Bazhou District Nanjiang County Tongjiang County Pingchang County; S content: Bazhou Nanjiang County Tongjiang County Pingchang County.Zn content: Bazhou Nanjiang County Tongjiang County Pingchang County; Pb content: Bazhou District Nanjiang County Pingchang County Tongjiang County; Cd content: Bazhou Pingchang County Tongjiang County District Nanjiang county. = = (2) crop samples of Se rich crops: sampling Ming Yang Village Bazhou District Enyang town of corn, water 绋，

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