基于PSR模型的水电站工程土地生态安全评价研究

发布时间：2018-01-02 00:10

本文关键词：基于PSR模型的水电站工程土地生态安全评价研究　出处：《昆明理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着社会经济发展,土地生态环境和土地生态安全已成为人们研究的热点,水电是云南的支柱产业之一,水电工程建设推动经济社会发展的同时,也对土地生态环境产生了不可避免的破坏,充分认识水电站建设对土地生态安全的影响有助于水电产业的持续、健康发展。本文选取澜沧江流域漫湾水电站作为研究案例,通过分析电站建设前后土地生态环境状况,构建评价模型,开展土地生态安全评价,研究可为云南大中型水电工程土地生态安全建设提供依据。本文首先在吸收国内外相关研究的基础上,以压力—状态—响应(PSR)模型为蓝本,构建水电站土地生态安全评价的方法体系,通过建立指标体系,采用阀值法对指标值进行无量纲化处理,熵权法确定指标权重,再根据综合指数法计算土地生态安全指数。其次,通过社会经济、土地利用、土壤侵蚀、地质灾害等方面的变化,分析漫湾水电站建设前后土地生态环境变化状况。最后,对漫湾水电站开展土地生态安全评价,先以乡镇为评价单元,对漫湾水电站1997年和2009年的土地生态安全进行评价,得出7个乡(镇)的土地生态安全均有不同程度的好转改善,综合指数均处于上升趋势,2个乡的综合指数呈下降趋势,土地生态安全状态由较安全恶化为预警状态；在此基础上,再以村为评价单元对漫湾水电站2009年的土地生态安全进行评价,得出紧邻澜沧江流域、漫湾水电站两侧的区域大部分处于安全和较安全状态,而位于研究区西南、东北和北部边缘的区域处于预警和中警状态；针对评价结果,对漫湾水电站土地生态环境问题提出相关建议,并进一步总结大中型水电工程土地生态安全建设的对策措施。
[Abstract]:With the development of social economy, the ecological environment of land and land ecological security has become a hot research, hydropower is one of the pillar industries of Yunnan hydropower project construction, promote the development of economy and society, also produced the inevitable destruction of land ecological environment, fully understand the construction of hydropower station on land ecological security is helpful for hydropower industry the sustained, healthy development. This paper selects the Lancang river basin hydropower station as a case study, through the analysis of power station construction before and after the land ecological environment construction, evaluation model, evaluation of ecological security of land, the research can provide the basis for the construction of land ecological security in Yunnan large and medium-sized hydropower project. Based on the absorption of domestic and foreign related research on the pressure state response (PSR) model based on the method of system construction, land ecological security evaluation of hydropower station, through the construction of Establish index system, using the threshold method of value dimensionless index to determine the index weight, entropy method, then calculate the ecological security index of land according to the comprehensive index method. Secondly, through social economy, land use, soil erosion, change of geological disasters, analysis of Manwan Hydropower Station construction status of land ecological environment change before and after. Finally, the Manwan Hydropower Station to carry out the land ecological security evaluation, the first in the town as the evaluation unit, the land ecological security station in 1997 and 2009 to evaluate the Manwan Hydropower reached 7, the township (town) improved the land ecological security were improved, the comprehensive index are on the rise, the comprehensive index of 2 the township is on the decline, the land ecological security status by a deterioration in the security warning state; on this basis, and then to the village as a land ecological security evaluation unit of Manwan Hydropower Station by 2009 The evaluation, close to the Lancang River Basin, Manwan Hydropower Station on both sides of the area in the most safe and relatively safe state, and the study area is located in southwest, northeast and northern edge of the area in the early warning and alarm status; according to the evaluation result, suggestion about land ecological environment of Manwan Hydropower Station, and further summarizes the Countermeasures of large and medium sized hydropower project construction land ecological security.

【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X826;F301.2

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