陕西农村粪便处理设施建造适用技术评价研究

发布时间：2018-01-02 05:01

  本文关键词：陕西农村粪便处理设施建造适用技术评价研究　出处：《西安建筑科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 农村基础设施 适用技术 循环经济 未知有理数 物元可拓

【摘要】：通过先后两次对陕西农村三大地区31个村庄的粪便处理设施建设情况实地调研,发现虽然农村改水、改厕政策日益普及,但我省农村粪便处理设施仍存在资金短缺、缺乏合理的技术选用指导、管理不当等问题,致使生态环境遭到严重污染。而农村改厕应与村庄整治统一规划,协调进行,降低重复建设带来的浪费、减少粪便处理模式选择错误和建造不规范带来的损失,因此有必要对农村粪便处理设施建造技术的选用进行系统性研究。论文以陕西农村粪便处理基础设施为研究对象,以循环经济理论为研究基础,以适用技术为研究切入点,以定性、定量分析相结合为主要研究手段展开研究。1.通过对陕西农村粪便处理基础设施调研结果的分析,总结现阶段我省农村粪便处理设施现状及其在经济、技术、环境、管理方面存在的问题。2.查阅国内外相关研究资料,总结农村粪便处理主要模式,并分析其适用性。3.引入适用技术理论,并对其概念进行扩展,寻找该理论与本研究的契合点。从而就适用技术的“技术”与“技术环境”间的双向选择,为农村粪便处理技术的选择甄选思路。4.即针对农村粪便处理在资金、技术、环境、管理上存在的问题,结合适用技术的经济、技术、环境、社会四重目标属性,建立农村粪便处理设施适用性评价指标体系,利用未确知有理数法确定指标权重,及物元可拓模型分析各备选粪便处理设施所属等级,从而确定适用技术。5.在上述理论基础上,从“技术环境”选择“技术”的角度引入案例1,以陕西双河村改厕为例,利用物元可拓模型对备选粪便处理设施择优,确定与当地需求特征相匹配的适用技术;从“技术”选择“技术环境”的角度引入案例2,根据调研结果以陕西三大地区的典型县为研究区域,三联通沼气式粪便处理设施为研究对象,反向分析技术的区域适用性,并分析其评价结果。
[Abstract]:Through two field investigations on the construction of faecal disposal facilities in 31 villages in three major rural areas of Shaanxi Province, it was found that although the rural areas changed water, the policy of changing toilets became more and more popular. However, there is still a shortage of funds in rural faecal disposal facilities in our province, lack of reasonable technical guidance, improper management and other problems, resulting in serious pollution of the ecological environment. Coordinated to reduce the waste caused by repeated construction, reduce the loss caused by the wrong choice of faecal disposal mode and non-standard construction. Therefore, it is necessary to make a systematic study on the construction technology of rural faecal treatment facilities. This paper takes Shaanxi rural faecal treatment infrastructure as the research object and the theory of circular economy as the research basis. Take the suitable technology as the research breakthrough point, take the qualitative analysis, the quantitative analysis unifies as the main research means to carry on the research. 1. Through the analysis to the Shaanxi countryside faecal disposal infrastructure investigation result. Summarize the present situation of rural faecal disposal facilities in our province and the existing problems in economy, technology, environment, management. 2. Consult the relevant research data at home and abroad, summarize the main patterns of rural excrement treatment. And analyze its applicability. 3.Introduces the theory of applicable technology, and extends its concept to find the point of convergence between the theory and this study, so as to choose the "technology" and "technological environment" of the applicable technology in both directions. For the selection of rural faecal disposal technology selection thinking. 4. That is, in view of the rural faeces treatment in the funds, technology, environment, management problems, combined with the applicable technology of economic, technical, environmental. Social quadruple objective attribute, the establishment of rural dejecta facilities suitability evaluation index system, using unascertained rational number method to determine the index weight, and matter-element extension model analysis of the level of each alternative faecal treatment facilities. On the basis of the above theory, case 1 is introduced from the angle of "technical environment" to select "technology", taking Shuanghe Village of Shaanxi Province as an example. The matter-element extension model was used to select the optimal dejecta disposal facilities and the suitable technology was determined to match the characteristics of local needs. Case 2 was introduced from the angle of "technology" to select "technology environment". According to the results of investigation, the typical counties in three major regions of Shaanxi were taken as the research area, and the biogas faecal disposal facilities of three Unicom as the research object. The regional applicability of reverse analysis technique and its evaluation results are analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU993

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