基于P-S-R模型的海螺沟国家冰川森林公园生态安全评价

发布时间：2018-01-02 09:37

本文关键词：基于P-S-R模型的海螺沟国家冰川森林公园生态安全评价　出处：《四川农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国生态旅游的快速发展,森林公园也已成为游客热衷的旅游目的地之一。但由于大规模人类活动的干扰和森林公园自身管理的滞后,也给森林公园的生态环境带来了许多不利影响,制约着森林公园生态环境的可持续发展,因此必须加快森林公园生态安全的研究。已有的森林旅游环境影响评价研究基本是分析旅游活动对大气、水体、植被、垃圾、噪声、土壤、野生动物等各自然生态环境因子的影响和评价各自然生态环境因子所发生的变化。而很少有学者从旅游生态系统的整体安全出发,从自然、经济、社会和文化等方面对旅游的影响进行综合的评价。基于此,本研究以定性分析与定量分析相结合,理论研究与实证研究相结合,以海螺沟国家冰川森林公园为研究对象,对海螺沟国家冰川森林公园2013年生态安全状况进行评价。(1)本文综述了生态安全的概念及生态安全评价国内外研究现状,探讨了森林公园生态安全评价的理论基础。在深入分析其他生态安全评价的理论基础上,结合森林公园复合旅游生态系统的特性,从可持续发展理论、环境影响评价理论、生态系统理论对森林公园生态安全评价的理论基础予以了探讨。(2)从海螺沟国家冰川森林公园的生态系统实际状况出发,在P-S-R框架模型的基础上建立海螺沟国家冰川森林公园的生态安全评价指标体系,并综合运用频度统计法、理论分析法和专家咨询法,对初步形成的指标体系进行审核。最终建立了包括当地居民人口自然增长率等26个指标的海螺沟国家冰川森林公园生态安全评价指标体系。(3)利用层次分析法得到各指标的权重,运用综合指数法计算出海螺沟国家冰川森林公园生态安全综合评价值,同时在分析现有生态安全评价标准的基础上,提出了适合海螺沟国家冰川森林公园生态安全管理的具有实际操作性的生态安全评价标准及评价等级分类标准。(4)分析了影响海螺沟国家冰川森林公园生态安全的主要制约因素。通过综合分析森林公园生态安全的主要影响因素及海螺沟国家冰川森林公园的主要特征,得出影响海螺沟国家冰川森林公园生态安全的主要制约因素分为自然因素和人为因素,并在此基础上提出管理对策。研究结果表明：海螺沟国家冰川森林公园2013年的生态安全指数为0.8630,生态安全度较高,该森林公园处于较安全的状态,但同时也存在一些严重影响公园生态安全的因素,文章针对现存安全隐患提出了建议。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of ecotourism in China, forest parks have become one of the tourist destinations, but due to the disturbance of large-scale human activities and the lag of forest park management. It also brings many adverse effects to the ecological environment of the forest park, which restricts the sustainable development of the ecological environment of the forest park. Therefore, it is necessary to speed up the study of ecological security of forest parks. The existing research on environmental impact assessment of forest tourism is to analyze the impact of tourism activities on the atmosphere, water, vegetation, garbage, noise, soil. The impact of wildlife and other natural ecological environmental factors and the evaluation of the changes of natural ecological environmental factors. But few scholars from the overall security of the tourism ecosystem, from the natural, economic. Social and cultural aspects of tourism impact comprehensive evaluation. Based on this, this study combines qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis, theoretical research and empirical research. Taking Hailuogou National Glacier Forest Park as the research object. The ecological security of Hailuogou National Glacier Forest Park in 2013 was evaluated. (1) this paper summarized the concept of ecological security and the current research situation of ecological security evaluation at home and abroad. This paper discusses the theoretical basis of ecological security assessment of forest parks. On the basis of in-depth analysis of other theories of ecological security assessment, combined with the characteristics of the compound tourism ecosystem of forest parks, the theory of sustainable development is discussed. Based on the theory of environmental impact assessment and ecosystem theory, this paper discusses the theoretical basis of ecological security assessment of forest parks. (2) starting from the actual situation of ecosystem in Hailuogou National Glacier Forest Park. On the basis of P-S-R frame model, the ecological safety evaluation index system of Hailuogou National Glacier Forest Park is established, and the methods of frequency statistics, theoretical analysis and expert consultation are used synthetically. Finally, the ecological security evaluation index system of Hailuogou National Glacier Forest Park was established, which included 26 indexes, including the natural growth rate of local population, etc. The weight of each index is obtained by AHP. The comprehensive evaluation value of ecological security of Hailuogou National Glacier Forest Park was calculated by using the comprehensive index method, and based on the analysis of the existing ecological security evaluation criteria. This paper puts forward a practical and practical ecological security evaluation standard and evaluation grade classification standard for the ecological security management of Hailuogou National Glacier Forest Park, which is suitable for the ecological security management of Hailuogou National Glacier Forest Park. The main restricting factors of ecological security in Hailuogou National Glacier Forest Park are analyzed. The main influencing factors and the main characteristics of Hailuogou National Glacier Forest Park are analyzed. The main factors that influence the ecological security of Hailuogou National Glacier Forest Park can be divided into natural factors and human factors. The results show that the ecological safety index of Hailuogou National Glacier Forest Park in 2013 is 0.8630 and the ecological security degree is high. The forest park is in a relatively safe state, but at the same time, there are some factors which seriously affect the ecological security of the park. The paper puts forward some suggestions for the existing hidden safety problems.
【学位授予单位】：四川农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X826

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