SDS强化沉积物生物淋滤Cd、Cu和Zn应用研究

发布时间：2018-01-02 23:38

本文关键词：SDS强化沉积物生物淋滤Cd、Cu和Zn应用研究　出处：《湖南大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

更多相关文章： 沉积物 生物淋滤 重金属 SDS

【摘要】：镉、铜和锌作为几种常见的重金属,由于生物毒性较大、迁移能力强、不能被生物降解,容易通过食物链在人体和动植物内富集,对动植物以及人体的健康造成很大危害。因此,治理和修复重金属污染是人类亟待解决的重要问题。生物淋滤法是一种在污染土壤中加入硫杆菌来浸出污染物经济、安全且环境友好的修复技术。表面活性剂强化沉积物生物淋滤修复技术作为生物淋滤技术的衍生,越来越受到人们的广泛关注。本实验是以沉积物为研究对象,以重金属镉、铜、锌为目标污染物,以生物淋滤技术为依托,引入表面活性剂(SDS)作为外源添加物,研究SDS强化沉积物生物淋滤Cd、Cu和Zn的去除效果和作用机理,主要分析了不同SDS浓度下pH值、ORP、SO_4~(2-)含量、Fe~(2+)含量、溶解氧(DO)浓度变化,为SDS强化沉积物生物淋滤Cd,Cu和Zn的应用研究提供了有力的参考依据。研究得出的主要结论如下:1、SDS是可溶于水的有机物,其对硫杆菌的生长可能有毒害作用。当培养基中加入SDS时,其对氧化硫硫杆菌表现出明显地生理毒性,随着投加量大于0.5g/L,毒性表现得更加明显。随着菌种的继续培养,氧化硫硫杆菌逐渐适应了SDS的生长环境,开始发挥氧化硫的能力。在整个过程中,体系pH下降,氧化还原电位上升,、SO_4~(2-)含量增加,Fe~(2+)含量减少,溶解氧浓度含量增加;2、在对土著氧化硫硫杆菌进行SDS驯化后,通过研究SDS对驯化硫杆菌生长的影响发现,SDS可以能源物质(硫粉)的亲水性和分散性,使菌液与能源物质的接触面积增加,提高了能源物质的有效性和可利用性;3、当SDS投加量在0-0.5g/L浓度范围内,随着SDS浓度的增加,重金属的去除效率逐渐提高,当SDS的投加量超过0.5g/L时,微生物的生长和繁殖受到抑制,各项指标都处于下滑状态。本实验所确定的SDS最适宜投加量为0.5g/L,此时Cd、Cu和Zn的去除率达到最大值,分别为87.74%、84.48%、83.08%。
[Abstract]:Cadmium, copper and zinc as several common heavy metals, due to the biological toxicity, migration ability, are not biodegradable, easily through the food chain in human and animal and plant enrichment, to the animal and human health caused great harm. Therefore, prevention and remediation of heavy metals pollution is an important issue of human needs to be solved. Bioleaching is a sulfur oxidizing bacteria in contaminated soil to leach contaminants remediation technology economy, safety and environmental friendly. Surfactant enhanced sediment Bioleaching Technology as the bioleaching of derivatives, more and more people's attention. The experiment is based on sediment as the research object, with the heavy metal cadmium, copper zinc, as the target pollutant, the Bioleaching Technology is based on the introduction of surfactant (SDS) as additives, sediment bioleaching of SDS strengthened Cd, removal efficiency of Cu and Zn Effect and mechanism of, mainly analyzed under different SDS concentrations pH, ORP, SO_4~ (2-) content, Fe~ (2+) content, dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration, SDS enhanced sediment bioleaching of Cd, provides a strong reference for the application of Cu and Zn. The main conclusions are as follows 1, SDS is a water soluble organic matter, its toxic effects on the growth of Thiobacillus. When the medium is supplemented with SDS, the obvious physiological of Thiobacillus thiooxidans exhibit toxicity, with the dosage of more than 0.5g/L, the toxicity of the performance is more obvious. With the continued culture, sulfur coli gradually adapt to the growth environment of SDS, started to play the sulfur capacity. In the whole process, the system pH decreased, redox potential increased, SO_4~ (2-) content increased, Fe~ content decreased (2+), increase the concentration of dissolved oxygen content; 2, on indigenous Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans SDS domestication Then, through the study on the influence of SDS on the growth of domestication of Thiobacillus, SDS (sulfur) energy material hydrophilicity and dispersion, increase the contact area of bacteria and energy resources, improve energy efficiency and material utilization; 3, when the dosage of SDS in the concentration range of 0-0.5g/L and with the increase of SDS concentration, the removal efficiency of heavy metals increased gradually, when the dosage of SDS is more than 0.5g/L, the growth and reproduction of microorganisms is inhibited, the indicators are in decline. This experiment determined SDS the optimum dosage of 0.5g/L, the Cd, Cu and Zn removal rate the maximum value, respectively 87.74%, 84.48%, 83.08%.

【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：X53;X172

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