江浙沪地区农村生活污水污染调查

发布时间：2018-01-03 00:11

本文关键词：江浙沪地区农村生活污水污染调查　出处：《生态与农村环境学报》2016年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：采用问卷调查的方法,研究了太湖流域农村生活用水量、污水产生量、空间分布及生活污水去向,为准确核算农村生活污水污染物负荷提供科学依据。结果表明:农户人均日用水量与农户收入水平之间呈显著正相关关系,上海平原区农户人均日用水量最高。受生活水源和水价约束等因素的影响,江苏和浙江丘陵区农户平均日用水量高于平原区。各乡镇年用水量与生活污水污染物的空间差异主要与所处地形区、常住人口数量、农民收入水平以及地区经济发展不均衡有关。虽然化粪池在太湖流域农村地区得到了普及使用,但是只有厕所污水和一部分浴室、厨房污水被收集起来进入化粪池进行初步处理,30%~50%的厕所污水经初步处理以后排入河流,对地表水环境造成的污染不容忽视。现有的污水处理设施并不能有效减轻流域内农村生活污水排放对地表水环境的压力。
[Abstract]:Using the method of questionnaire, this paper studies the quantity of water consumption, the quantity of sewage, the spatial distribution and the direction of domestic sewage in Taihu Lake basin. The results show that there is a significant positive correlation between daily water consumption and household income. The daily water consumption of farmers in Shanghai Plain area is the highest, which is influenced by the factors such as living water source and water price. The average daily water consumption of farmers in the hilly areas of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces was higher than that in the plain areas. Although septic tanks are widely used in rural areas of Taihu Lake, there is only toilet sewage and some bathrooms. The kitchen sewage was collected and entered the septic tank for preliminary treatment. 50% of the toilet sewage was initially treated and discharged into the river. The pollution to the surface water environment can not be ignored. The existing sewage treatment facilities can not effectively reduce the pressure on the surface water environment caused by the rural domestic sewage discharge in the basin.
【作者单位】：中国科学院流域地理学重点实验室/中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所;南京信息工程大学应用气象学院;
【基金】：中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KZZD-EW-10-04);中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所“135”项目(NIGLAS2012135005) 江苏省自然科学基金面上项目(BK20141513) 国家自然科学基金(41201496)
【分类号】：X799.3
【正文快照】： 随着经济的发展和城市化进程的加快,中国农村生态环境有加剧恶化的趋势。唐丽霞等[1]开展了全国26个省150个村的农村环境污染调查,结果显示,76%的调查村庄环境受到污染。黄季琨等[2]调查了全国5省101个村的环境污染现状,结果表明,1998—2008年农村环境恶化的村占44%,5个样本省

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