抚河和昌江流域水环境中多环芳烃污染特征与源解析研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 16:41

  本文关键词：抚河和昌江流域水环境中多环芳烃污染特征与源解析研究　出处：《南昌大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 多环芳烃 污染特征 源解析 抚河 昌江

【摘要】：多环芳烃(PAHs, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons)是持久性有机污染物(POPs, Persistent Organic Pollutants)的一类,广泛存在于各种环境介质中,具有三致性(致癌、致畸、致突变),美国EPA将其中16种PAHs列为优先控制的环境污染物。本文对抚河和昌江流域水环境中17个采样点的16种PAHs进行检测,探讨其污染特征、分布情况,并初步判断污染来源。主要研究结果包括：1、抚河流域水体、悬浮物和表层沉积物中∑PAHs的含量范围分别为：232.88～741.72ng·g-1、637.73～5807.63ng·g-1、567.96-～7335.3l1ng·g-1,平均值分别为491.53 ng·g-1、1737.81ng·g-1、3633.19 ng·g-1.昌江流域三相中∑PAHs的含量范围分别：200.40～673.50ng·g-1、1407.38～24555.67ng·g-1、1112.90～44311ng·g-1,平均值分别为429.82 ng·g-1、5261.49ng·g-1、12455.75ng·g-1。抚河和昌江流域水环境中∑PAHs含量普遍要高于国外一些流域,在国内河流中居于中等水平。2、抚河和昌江流域水环境中菲(Phe)含量最高,不同的环境介质对于不同环数的PAHs呈现出一定的变化规律。抚河和昌江流域沉积物中的PAHs含量要大大高于水中的含量。相关性分析表明,抚河和昌江流域水环境中高分子量PAHs之间存在显著性相关,低分子量PAHs之间相关性较弱。三相中PAHs之间及其与苯并[a]芘(BaP)的相关性分析显示,悬浮物和沉积物中的PAHs具有显著的相关性,且悬浮物和沉积物中的BaP与PAHs也具有显著的相关性。3、抚河和昌江流域水体、悬浮物和沉积物中常规理化参数与PAHs的相关性分析表明：水体中pH值、溶解氧与∑PAHs含量不存在相关性；悬浮物PAHs与悬浮物浓度也基本不存在相关性；沉积物的pH值和总PAHs的浓度之间没有明显的对应关系,沉积物中TOC与PAHs总量的相关性不显著。4、本文运用ECWC/HHCWO比值,对水样中8种PAHs进行评价,结果表明：抚河和昌江流域水体中苯并(a)芘、二苯并(a,h)蒽以及茚并(1,2,3-cd)芘对沿岸居民的健康和周围的生态环境存在一定的负面生态影响。运用生态风险低值(ERL)和中值(ERM),判定抚河和昌江流域悬浮物和沉积物部分采样点中PAHs的总量存在明显超标,对周围的生态环境产生一定的负面效应,需要引起有关部门的重视。5、利用同分异构体Bap/BghiP、BaA/(BaA+Chr)、BaA/Chr、Flu/(Flu+Pyr)、 Flu/Pyr、An/(An+Phe)和Phe/An等特征比值对抚河和昌江流域水环境中PAHs进行了定性源解析。研究发现抚河流域水体中PAHs主要是燃烧来源和交通污染的产物；昌江流域可能是交通燃料的高温燃烧。抚河流域悬浮物中PAHs表现出混合来源的特征,包括石油污染,交通源、焚烧源,汽油燃烧以及木材和煤的燃烧；昌江流域悬浮物中PAHs主要来源于交通源、石油源以及森林、树木和煤炭燃烧的高温热解混合来源。抚河流域沉积物中PAHs的污染源指向石油类污染；昌江流域沉积物中PAHs主要来自化石燃料的高温燃热解。利用因子分析法对抚河和昌江流域悬浮物和沉积物中PAHs进行源解析,结果与比值法基本一致。
[Abstract]:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs Polycyclic, Aromatic Hydrocarbons) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs, Persistent Organic Pollutants) a class of widely exist in various environmental media, with three consistency (carcinogenic, teratogenic, mutagenic), EPA will be one of 16 kinds of PAHs priority control pollutants. In this paper, detection on the water environment of Fuhe River and Changjiang River Basin in 17 samples of 16 kinds of PAHs, to investigate its pollution characteristics, distribution, and determine the initial source of pollution. The main results include: 1, water of Fuhe River Basin, the content range of suspended solids and sediments are as follows: 232.88 Sigma PAHs ~ g-1637.73 ~ 741.72ng. 5807.63ng - g-1567.96- - 7335.3l1ng - g-1, respectively. The content range of 491.53 ng - g-11737.81ng - g-13633.19 - ng - g-1. in the Changjiang River Basin are: 200.40 Sigma PAHs ~ 673.50ng, g-11407.38 ~ 245 55.67ng - g-11112.90 - 44311ng - g-1, the average value was 429.82 ng - g-15261.49ng - g-112455.75ng - g-1. of Fuhe River and Changjiang River Basin water environment PAHs content is generally higher than that of some foreign river, in the middle level of.2 in the domestic water environment in river, Fuhe River and Changjiang River Basin in the Philippines (Phe) was the highest, PAHs different media for different rings appear certain regularity. The content of PAHs in the sediments of Fu Kawa Masako basin is much higher than that of water. The correlation analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between the molecular weight of water environment in Fuhe River and Changjiang River Basin in PAHs between the low molecular weight PAHs weak correlation. Between PAHs and three with benzo [a] pyrene (BaP) the correlation analysis showed that the suspended sediment in PAHs has a significant correlation, and BaP and PAHs in suspended solids and sediments is also significant The correlation between.3 and water of Fuhe River and Changjiang River Basin, correlation analysis in suspended solids and sediments of physicochemical parameters and PAHs show that the pH value of water, dissolved oxygen and sigma PAHs content has no correlation; PAHs and suspended solids concentration of suspended matter is there is no correlation; no obvious corresponding relationship between sediment concentration of pH the total PAHs value and the correlation between TOC and total PAHs in sediments was not significant.4, the ratio of ECWC/HHCWO, evaluation of 8 kinds of PAHs in water samples and the results show that the benzene water of Fuhe River and Changjiang River Basin (a) pyrene, benzo two (a, H) anthracene and Indeno (1,2,3-cd) there are some negative impacts on ecological environment of pyrene on the health of coastal residents and the surrounding ecological risk. The use of low value (ERL) and median (ERM), to determine the total Fu River and Changjiang River Suspended Sediment in some sampling points in the presence of PAHs to significantly exceed the standard. The surrounding environment have certain negative effects, to arouse the attention of the relevant departments of.5, the isomer of Bap/BghiP, BaA/ (BaA+Chr), BaA/Chr, Flu/ (Flu+Pyr), Flu/Pyr, An/ (An+Phe) and Phe/An of the ratio of the qualitative analysis of the PAHs source of water environment in Fuhe River and Changjiang River basin. The study found that PAHs in the water of Fuhe River Basin is mainly from combustion sources and traffic pollution; Changjiang River basin may be the high temperature combustion of fuel transportation. PAHs suspensions of Fuhe River Basin shows the characteristics of mixed sources, including oil pollution, traffic source, burning source, gasoline combustion and combustion of wood and coal; PAHs suspension in the Changjiang River Basin mainly originates from the traffic source, oil source and high temperature pyrolysis of mixed forests, trees and sources of coal combustion. The sources of PAHs in sediments of Fuhe River basin to oil pollution; Chang River Sediments PA High temperature Hs mainly from fossil fuels pyrolysis. Source apportionment of PAHs in Fuhe River and Changjiang River Basin in suspended solids and sediments by using factor analysis method, the results are basically consistent with the ratio method.

【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X52

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