部分亚硝化—厌氧氨氧化工艺处理有机高氨氮废水研究

发布时间：2018-01-06 01:15

  本文关键词：部分亚硝化—厌氧氨氧化工艺处理有机高氨氮废水研究　出处：《苏州科技学院》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 部分亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化工艺 有机高氨氮废水 有机物 厌氧氨氧化活性 影响规律

【摘要】：部分亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化工艺(PN-Anammox)是一种新型生物脱氮工艺,具有能耗低、污泥产量少、脱氮速率高等优点。特别是对高氨氮废水进行脱氮处理时,该工艺克服了传统生物脱氮工艺所面临的碳源不足问题。而在实际生产中大多数高氨氮废水中都含有一定浓度的有机物,这样的有机物浓度水平虽然低于传统脱氮微生物对有机碳源的需求,但已经会对PN-Anammox工艺产生影响,这极大地限制了该工艺的应用范围。为了使PN-Anammox工艺有更大的应用空间,通过本课题组自行设计的PN-Anammox反应器进行了处理有机高氨氮废水的研究。以酒精废水为例,通过三组实验相互对比发现PN-Anammox工艺在处理有机高氨氮废水时,有机物未对亚硝化产生影响,全过程中亚硝化速率基本维持不变。但有机物使得在厌氧氨氧化区中生长了大量的反硝化菌,与anammox菌竞争亚硝酸盐,使厌氧氨氧化脱氮速率下降。同时反硝化菌的脱氮速率低于原厌氧氨氧化脱氮速率,因此反应器的脱氮速率表现为下降。有机物对亚硝化的影响是通过异养菌与氨氧化菌(AOB)竞争DO产生,可以通过适当提高DO来缓解异养菌与AOB的竞争,从而削弱有机物对亚硝化的影响,并同时去除有机物。通过一系列在不同进水氨氮和有机物浓度下的实验得到了在亚硝化不受有机物影响的前提下,氨氮、有机物和曝气量之间的关系。在批式实验中发现,有机物对厌氧氨氧化的影响与有机物浓度和厌氧氨氧化能力有关。用NRR表示厌氧氨氧化能力,ICTOC表示有机物对厌氧氨氧化的影响浓度,当有机物浓度大于该ICTOC值后,厌氧氨氧化将受到影响。这些作用反馈作用于反应器又表现为NRR水平下降。并以葡萄糖为例,通过实验发现当NRR为0.45~1.86kg·m-3·d-1时,NRR与ICTOC呈指数函数关系。通过研究有机物分别对亚硝化和厌氧氨氧化的影响,提出了基于PN-Anammox串联工艺处理有机高氨氮废水的方案。即在保证亚硝化不受有机物影响的前提下,使亚硝化区出水中有机物浓度降低至可以对厌氧氨氧化产生影响的浓度以下,从而解除有机物对PN-Anammox工艺的影响,并在实验中验证该方案的可行性。PN-Anammox反应器在温度30℃、反应器中pH8.0、HRT 10h、进水氨氮浓度250mg·L-1、曝气量300L·h-1的条件下稳定运行。向进水中加入80 mg·L-1的TOC,此时反应器的厌氧氨氧化脱氮速率为0.6 kg·m-3·d-1,为了使亚硝化区出水中的有机物降至此时的ICTOC值65 mg·L-1以下,将曝气量提高至500 L·h-1。经过长时间地运行后,有机物并未对反应器产生抑制,这说明了上述策略可以使PN-Anammox工艺成功地用于处理有机高氨氮废水。
[Abstract]:Partial nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation (PN-Anammox) is a new biological nitrogen removal process with low energy consumption and low sludge yield. The advantages of high denitrification rate, especially in denitrification treatment of wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen. This process overcomes the shortage of carbon source in the traditional biological nitrogen removal process, and in practice, most wastewater containing high ammonia nitrogen contains certain concentration of organic matter. Although the concentration level of organic matter is lower than the demand for organic carbon source by traditional denitrification microorganisms, it will have an impact on the PN-Anammox process. This greatly limits the scope of application of this process. In order to make the PN-Anammox process have more application space. The treatment of organic wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen was studied by PN-Anammox reactor designed by our team. The alcohol wastewater was taken as an example. Through the comparison of three groups of experiments, it was found that organic matter had no effect on nitrification when PN-Anammox process was used to treat organic wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen. Nitrite rate remained unchanged throughout the process, but organic matter led to the growth of a large number of denitrifying bacteria in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation zone, and competed with anammox bacteria to compete for nitrite. The denitrification rate of denitrifying bacteria was lower than that of original anaerobic ammonia oxidation. As a result, the nitrogen removal rate of the reactor decreased, and the effect of organic matter on nitrosation was produced by competing for do between heterotrophic bacteria and ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB). The competition between heterotrophic bacteria and AOB can be alleviated by properly increasing do, thus weakening the effect of organic matter on nitrosation. Through a series of experiments under different influent ammonia nitrogen and organic concentration, the ammonia nitrogen was obtained under the premise that nitrification was not affected by organic matter. In batch experiment, it was found that the effect of organic matter on anaerobic ammonia oxidation was related to the concentration of organic matter and the ability of anaerobic ammonia oxidation. NRR was used to express the ability of anaerobic ammonia oxidation. ICTOC indicates the effect of organic matter on anaerobic ammoxidation, when the concentration of organic matter is greater than the ICTOC value. Anaerobic ammoxidation will be affected. These feedback effects on the reactor also show a decrease in NRR levels, and glucose is taken as an example. It was found that when the NRR was 0.45 ~ (-1) kg 路m ~ (-3) 路d ~ (-1). The relationship between NRR and ICTOC was exponential. The effects of organic compounds on nitrification and anaerobic ammonia oxidation were studied. The scheme of treating organic wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen based on PN-Anammox series process is put forward, that is, nitrification is not affected by organic matter. The concentration of organic matter in the effluent of the nitrified zone was reduced below the concentration which could affect the anaerobic ammonia oxidation, so that the effect of organic matter on the PN-Anammox process was removed. The feasibility of the method was verified in the experiment. The influent ammonia concentration was 250mg 路L ~ (-1) at 30 鈩，

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