光催化与生物降解联用技术处理偶氮染料废水的研究

发布时间：2018-01-06 17:15

本文关键词：光催化与生物降解联用技术处理偶氮染料废水的研究　出处：《山东大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

更多相关文章： 光催化 偶氮染料 刚果红 生物降解

【摘要】：染料尤其是偶氮染料废水因其较高的COD、色度以及较低的生物降解性对环境产生巨大的影响与危害。物理法、化学法和生物法是偶氮染料废水常用的处理技术,光催化法作为一种先进的高级氧化技术,具有较好的普适性、降解的彻底性、价廉、安全等特点,具有较大的发展前途,但缺点是处理成本较高。生化法是目前国内外广泛应用的废水处理技术,是最经济和环保的实用废水处理技术之一。因此,光催化和生化法的联用工艺是当前最具开发潜力的技术之一。在本文中,采用了光催化和生物处理技术联用的方法对偶氮染料废水进行降解,为了增强光催化的效果和解决实际应用中的问题对光催化剂进行了改性和负载,综合考察了光催化剂的活性、负载以及改性的机理；并对生物反应器的处理效果和生物活性进行了相应的研究。本论文讨论了光催化氧化法与生物法结合对偶氮染料废水处理的可行性,并且在优化实验条件的基础上,对联用工艺处理刚果红废水的各项指标进行监测与分析,对光催化效果、中间产物；废水的可生化性、生物降解性；生物活性及其演化等指标的内在联系之间进行了初步的研究,并利用光谱分析技术初步探讨了联用工艺降解偶氮染料的机理,试图为光催化-生化法对偶氮染料废水的处理提供一些应用的基础研究数据和依据。研究结果表明,WO3-La-TiO2/GAC是一种稳定高效的复合改性光催化剂：通过改性,促进了光催化剂TiO2由无定形态向锐钛矿型的转化,使其平均粒径更加均匀稳定,并使其比表面积增大,空隙率增大,有效的提高了其光催化效率；在相同体系中,相比未进行改性的Ti02光催化剂,其催化效率提高30%左右；并且该复合催化剂的稳定性较好,连续运行其处理效率未见明显下降。光催化-生物法联用技术应用于偶氮染料废水的处理中是可行的：光催化作为生物处理的预处理步骤,可以很大程度促进生物对染料的降解程度；该联用工艺的脱色率可以达到85%以上,相对于单独光催化(60%)和生物法(40%)分别高出了25%和45%左右,其COD和氨氮去除率可稳定在85%和90%,而单独生物处理工艺仅能达到70%和75%；结合对生物反应器中微生物状态与表现的分析,说明光催化的处理可以降低毒性,有利于生物生长以及生物降解：光谱分析结果说明了光催化通过氧化偶氮破坏偶氮染料分子的大共轭体系,生成以联苯和苯环为主要结构的中间产物,而生物处理再进一步进行降解。
[Abstract]:Dyes, especially azo dye wastewater, have great influence and harm to the environment because of their high COD, low chroma and low biodegradability. Chemical and biological methods are commonly used in the treatment of azo dye wastewater. As an advanced oxidation technology, photocatalysis has the characteristics of good universality, thorough degradation, cheap and safe. Biochemistry is a widely used wastewater treatment technology at home and abroad, and is one of the most economical and environmental protection practical wastewater treatment technology. Photocatalysis and biochemistry process is one of the most promising technologies. In this paper, the photocatalysis and biological treatment were used to degrade azo dye wastewater. In order to enhance the effect of photocatalysis and solve the problems in practical application, the photocatalyst was modified and supported. The activity, loading and modification mechanism of photocatalyst were comprehensively investigated. The treatment effect and biological activity of bioreactor were studied. The feasibility of photocatalytic oxidation combined with bioreactor in treating azo dye wastewater was discussed in this paper. On the basis of optimizing the experimental conditions, the indexes of treating Congo red wastewater by using process were monitored and analyzed, and the photocatalytic effect and intermediate product were analyzed. Biodegradability and biodegradability of wastewater; The intrinsic relationship between bioactivity and its evolution was preliminarily studied and the mechanism of degradation of azo dyes by combined process was discussed by spectroscopic analysis. This paper attempts to provide some basic research data and basis for the treatment of azo dye wastewater by photocatalysis and biochemistry. WO3-La-TiO2/GAC is a stable and efficient composite photocatalyst. By modification, the conversion of photocatalyst TiO2 from amorphous form to anatase type is promoted. The average particle size is more uniform and stable, and the specific surface area is increased, the void ratio is increased, and the photocatalytic efficiency is improved effectively. In the same system, compared with the unmodified Ti02 photocatalyst, the catalytic efficiency is increased by about 30%. The stability of the composite catalyst is good. The treatment efficiency of continuous operation has not decreased obviously. Photocatalysis combined with biological method is feasible in the treatment of azo dye wastewater: photocatalysis is the pretreatment step of biological treatment. It can promote the biodegradation of dyes to a great extent. The decolorization rate of the combined process can reach more than 85%, which is about 25% and 45% higher than that of the photocatalytic method (60) and the biological method (40), respectively. The removal rates of COD and ammonia nitrogen were stable at 85% and 90, but only 70% and 75 by biological treatment alone. Combined with the analysis of the state and performance of microorganisms in the bioreactor, the photocatalytic treatment can reduce the toxicity. In favor of biological growth and biodegradation: the results of spectroscopic analysis show that photocatalytic degradation of azo dye molecules by oxidation of large conjugated system, the formation of biphenyl and benzene ring as the main structure of the intermediate products. The biological treatment was further degraded.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X791

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