高比例印染废水城市污水厂强化除污染研究

发布时间：2018-01-11 02:21

本文关键词：高比例印染废水城市污水厂强化除污染研究　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：印染废水作为纺织工业产生的污水,具有很严重的污染。其除了工业废水所具有的特性外,还有很高的色度。除此外,其排放量大,可占到工业水总排放量的10%,是造成目前水体污染的重要原因之一。南方某污水厂的进水中含有较高比例的印染废水,以其现有工艺的现有运行状态来说,很难实现稳定达标。本文基于南方某污水厂的实际情况,针对高比例印染废水的进水水质,调查了该水厂现有工艺的运行处理效果,发现并提出了现有工艺运行的问题。对于进水来讲,该水厂的进水中具有较高比例的工业废水,其中以印染废水为主,同时还有造纸废水等。经调查,在污水厂的进水中常含有一些上述工业生产中产生的较难降解的显色物质,例如2,4-二叔丁基苯酚等苯的衍生物质。这类物质属于难生物降解物质。虽然水解池对其具有一定的分解能力,但是后续的生物工艺降解作用较差。这也是污水厂各工段长期具有严重色度的原因。而且其进水水质的波动较为剧烈,常有进水水质严重超标的情况发生,这些现状都对生物工艺造成了一定的冲击。作为提升污水可生化性的手段,水解酸化工艺有着成本低,操作简单,无难处理副产物等优点,近期备受关注。停留时间是水解酸化工艺的关键参数,该水厂的水解池由于停留时间过长,导致其并不能展现出提升污水可生化性的作用。经过水解池后,B/C不升反降。而作为后续工艺的多点进水以及A2O工艺段由于缺乏微生物可利用的碳源物质,导致工艺后半段DO不易控制,使得其降解效果受到影响。A2O工艺内回流较小,限制了对于TN的去除效果。因此,本文针对这一现状展开研究,着力于优化现有工艺的运行现状。对于水解池来讲,对其进行了停留时间的优化,并证明了对于高比例印染废水进水水质来讲,10h的停留时间运行时效果最为理想。10h停留时间对于B/C的提升作用最为明显,可由0.22提升至0.31。停留时间过长或者过短都会影响其处理效果。对于A2O工艺而言,对于高比例印染废水进水水质来讲,本研究中采取了调节内回流的方法来进行强化,并提出了300%的内回流比较优。将A2O工艺的内回流由200%调节为300%后,A2O工艺对于总氮去除率的提升效果十分显著,调节前后总氮的去除率由36.9%提升至68.6%,实现了总氮的稳定达标。其余指标也均得到了加强,如COD的去除率由66.8%提升至75.9%,TP的去除率由86.3%提升至90%,均实现了稳定达标。对于多点进水工艺来讲,针对高比例印染废水进水水质,本研究中针对进水水质提出了一套新的运行参数。参数具体设置分为三部分,配水比、内回流以及溶解氧控制。配水比是指将厌氧以及两个缺氧段的配水比例设置为0.45:0.35:0.2。内回流是指将由第三好氧段回流至第二缺氧段的硝化液回流比设置为300%。溶解氧控制是指将三个曝气段的溶解氧分被控制在0.8mg/L、1.5mg/L以及2.5mg/L左右。实验中证明在该运行参数下,当TN的平均进水浓度为22.38mg/L时,出水的平均浓度可以降低至10.78mg/L左右,此时的去除率高达52%,最高可以达到54.4%。同时对于氨氮的去除也得到了强化,去除率达到了92.7%,使得氨氮浓度从14.79mg/L下降至0.998mg/L,达到一级A标准。对于COD来讲,去除率也大大提升,达到了82.4%,使得出水平均浓度稳定在45.62mg/L附近,稳定达标。对TP来讲影响不是很大,去除率为91.3%,也实现了稳定达标。综上所述,针对高比例印染废水的进水水质,在本研究提出的运行方案下,多点进水工艺的运行效果最佳,可实现出水中各污染指标的稳定达标。
[Abstract]:As the textile industry of printing and dyeing wastewater generated by sewage has very serious pollution. In addition to the characteristics of industrial wastewater, and high chroma. In addition, its emissions, emissions of industrial water can be accounted for the total amount of 10%, is the major cause of water pollution of the water. A printing and dyeing wastewater a sewage treatment plant contains a high proportion of the south, to the existing operating state of the existing technology, it is difficult to achieve stable and standard. In this paper, the actual situation of a wastewater treatment plant based on water quality in the south, the high proportion of printing and dyeing wastewater, the operation process of the investigation of the effect of the existing processing plants, found the existing process operation the problem for water, industrial wastewater has a higher proportion of water in the water, the printing and dyeing wastewater, and papermaking wastewater. After investigation, the water in sewage treatment plants often contain some The color material is difficult to degradation of the industrial production, such as derivatives 2,4- Di tert butyl phenol and benzene. This kind of material is difficult to be degraded. Although the hydrolysis tank has ability to decompose some of its biological degradation process, but poor follow-up. This is also the reason that each section has a long-term sewage treatment plant serious color. And the water quality fluctuation is more severe, often occur serious exceed the standard of water quality, the situation has had a huge impact on the biological process. As to enhance the biodegradability of sewage by means of acid hydrolysis process with low cost, simple operation, no hard processing by-products etc. the recent concern. The residence time is the key parameters of the hydrolysis acidification process, the water hydrolysis tank due to long residence time, which does not show the upgrading sewage biodegradability. After After hydrolysis, B/C not declined. As more of the following process in water and the A2O process due to the lack of carbon source material available microbial process leading to the second half, DO is not easy to control, so that the degradation effect is affected by the.A2O process flow small, limited to TN removal. Therefore, this paper launches the research, focusing on optimizing the operation status of the existing process for the hydrolysis of pool, the residence time of the optimization, and it proves that the water quality of high proportion of printing and dyeing wastewater, the residence time of operation is the most ideal effect 10h.10h residence time to enhance the role of the B/C obviously, can be increased from 0.22 to 0.31. for too long or too short will affect the treatment effect. For the A2O process, the water quality of high proportion of printing and dyeing wastewater, this study adopted a regulation in return The method is to strengthen, and put forward the 300% recirculation process. Comparing the A2O in return by 200% adjusted to 300% after the A2O process for the total nitrogen removal rate increased significantly after adjusting the total nitrogen removal rate increased from 36.9% to 68.6%, the total nitrogen of the remaining stable up to the standard. The index has been strengthened, such as the removal rate of COD increased from 66.8% to 75.9%, the removal rate of TP increased from 86.3% to 90%, have achieved stable standards. For the multi-point water process, the high proportion of printing and dyeing wastewater influent water quality, water quality in this study proposed a new set of operating parameters. The specific parameters set is divided into three parts, water distribution ratio, reflux and dissolved oxygen control. Water distribution ratio refers to the ratio of water and two anaerobic anoxic section is set to 0.45:0.35:0.2. in return refers to the third section of oxygen by nitration returned to the anoxic stage second Reflux ratio is set to 300%. the dissolved oxygen control refers to the three section of the dissolved oxygen aeration was controlled at 0.8mg/L, 1.5mg/L and 2.5mg/L. The experiments show that the operating parameters, when the average influent TN concentration was 22.38mg/L, the average concentration of effluent can be reduced to 10.78mg about /L, the removal rate of up to 52%, the maximum can reach 54.4%. and the ammonia nitrogen removal has also been enhanced, the removal rate reached 92.7%, the ammonia concentration decreased from 14.79mg/L to 0.998mg/L, to achieve a A standard. For COD, the removal rate is greatly improved, reached 82.4%, the average effluent concentration stable standard in the vicinity of 45.62mg/L. Not a great impact on the TP, the removal rate is 91.3%, also achieved a stable standard. To sum up, according to the water quality high proportion of printing and dyeing wastewater, the operation scheme proposed in this study, the multi-point water industry The performance of the art is the best, and it can achieve the stable standard of all the pollution indexes in the water.

【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X791

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