基于生产者责任延伸的建筑废弃物管理研究

发布时间：2018-01-12 03:28

本文关键词：基于生产者责任延伸的建筑废弃物管理研究　出处：《大连理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着城镇化建设和经济发展,不可避免地产生大量建筑废弃物,然而传统的建设方式和管理模式不符合我国循环经济的发展理念,政府单方面的努力也难以应对目前“垃圾围城”的困境,因此运用新的理念构建管理模式至关重要,生产者责任延伸(Extended Producer Responsibilities,简称EPR)作为发展循环经济的重要原则,为建筑废弃物管理提供了新的思路。本论文通过对建筑废弃物管理体系的研究,辨析了建筑废弃物的定义、了解建筑废弃物的组成、从宏观、中观和微观角度总结了建筑废弃物产量的影响因素；综合国内外相关文献、参阅欧盟、日本等政府行业报告、国内外相关法规政策,调查了解国内外建筑废弃物管理现状,对比研究日本和我国的管理制度,分析总结我国建筑废弃物管理存在的问题,诸如管理层次低、管理主体和对象不明确、缺乏回收体系、监管成本高,违法成本低等。在上述分析的基础上,本文针对我国建筑废弃物管理现状,结合经济合作组织、欧盟、加拿大等国对生产者责任延伸的研究和实施状况,提出将生产者责任延伸应用于建筑废弃物管理。本文根据经合组织的研究成果,论证EPR应用于建筑废弃物管理的适用性,阐述建筑废弃物EPR管理的优势,通过对EPR的深入研究,总结出EPR应用机制的核心要素是责任主体、产品对象和责任模式、EPR实施工具这三方面。阐释建筑废弃物管理运行机制,从供应链角度定义建筑废弃物的“生产者”,认为对供应链最具影响力的建设单位和直接产生建筑废弃物的承包单位是联合共同生产者；依据加拿大环境部的判断矩阵定义EPR责任产品是混凝土骨料、木材、沥青,结合产品属性和行业特点确定生产者承担集体回收责任模式；分析EPR实施工具对管理系统的影响,得出“回收要求”是基本的政策工具、“生产者”是连接上下游的关键,大多数EPR工具需要配合使用等,最后综合构建建筑废弃物管理新模式并提出相关建议。
[Abstract]:With the construction of urbanization and economic development, it is inevitable to produce a large number of construction wastes. However, the traditional construction mode and management mode do not conform to the concept of circular economy development in China. The government's unilateral efforts are also difficult to cope with the current "garbage siege" plight, so the use of new ideas to build a management model is crucial. Extended producer responsibility (EPR) is an important principle of developing circular economy. Through the study of the construction waste management system, this paper analyzes the definition of construction waste, understand the composition of construction waste, from the macro perspective. The factors influencing the production of construction waste were summarized from the view of meso and micro. Comprehensive literature at home and abroad, refer to the European Union, Japan and other government industry reports, domestic and foreign relevant laws and policies, investigation and understanding of domestic and foreign construction waste management status, comparative study of Japan and China's management system. This paper analyzes and summarizes the existing problems of construction waste management in China, such as low management level, unclear management subject and object, lack of recovery system, high supervision cost, low illegal cost, etc. On the basis of the above analysis. This paper aims at the current situation of construction waste management in China, combined with the Economic Cooperation Organization, the European Union, Canada and other countries on the extension of producer responsibility research and implementation. According to the research results of OECD, this paper demonstrates the applicability of EPR in construction waste management. This paper expounds the advantages of construction waste EPR management, through the in-depth study of EPR, summarizes that the core elements of EPR application mechanism are responsible subject, product object and responsibility mode. This paper explains the operation mechanism of construction waste management and defines the "producer" of construction waste from the point of view of supply chain. It is considered that the construction units which have the most influence on the supply chain and the contractors that produce construction wastes directly are joint producers. According to the judgment matrix of Environment Canada, EPR liability products are defined as concrete aggregate, wood, asphalt, combined with product attributes and industry characteristics to determine the collective recovery responsibility model of producers; By analyzing the impact of EPR implementation tools on management system, it is concluded that "recovery requirement" is the basic policy tool, "producer" is the key to connect upstream and downstream, and most EPR tools need to be used together. Finally, a new model of construction waste management is constructed and some relevant suggestions are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X799.1

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