煤化工废水物理法除油工艺及设备清洗剂的开发

发布时间：2018-01-13 06:24

本文关键词：煤化工废水物理法除油工艺及设备清洗剂的开发　出处：《青岛科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：煤转化过程中,产生大量的含油废水,油类对后续处理装置的操作性能及出水的COD会造成不良影响,因而必须将油从废水中予以脱除。由于废水中油的密度分布较广、且部分油以乳化态存在,因而通过传统的物理沉降、离心分离等方法难以达到较好的处理效果。而混凝沉淀、气浮等措施效果不稳定且会干扰后续的膜处理过程,急需开发一种效率高、副作用小的除油方法。本文通过高效的萃取法除油工艺来降低废水的污染负荷,实验结果显示：在相比1：4的情况下,可满足萃取除油要求,除油效率可达90%以上。并且可以缓解因油类造成的设备结垢等操作性问题。萃取法除油是对含油废水进行油与水分离的新方法,其除油效果好,萃取剂可以进行循环使用,还可以对水中的油进行回收。并利用Aspen Plus软件模拟油和萃取剂的精馏分离过程,结果显示油和萃取剂能达到分离要求。由于在化工过程设备的运行过程中会因油类造成设备结垢,它不但会严重危害设备的安全运行,还会牵扯到经济效益问题。为此,我们需要研制出一种具有良好清洗能力的清洗剂。通过研究煤化工设备结垢及清洗机理,并从清洗剂的安全性和稳定性着手,采用以水作为主要溶剂,添加适量的表面活性剂(AEO-9: 1%, AES:3%, OP-10:4%).高沸点有机溶剂(乙二醇丁醚：20%)、清洗助剂(三聚磷酸钠：3%,硅酸盐：0.5%,适量氢氧化钠)。通过性能评价实验,测得溶解度能达到75%左右。工业试验结果表明,该清洗剂除垢能力较强。用在线清洗装置,经过5h的清洗,可以较彻底地去除设备中的沉积物。
[Abstract]:In the process of coal conversion, a large amount of oily wastewater is produced, and the oil will have a negative effect on the operation performance of the subsequent treatment plant and the COD of the effluent. Therefore, the oil must be removed from the wastewater. Because the density of the oil in the wastewater is relatively wide, and part of the oil exists in the emulsified state, it passes through the traditional physical settlement. Centrifugal separation and other methods are difficult to achieve better treatment effect, while coagulation, precipitation, air floatation and other measures are unstable and will interfere with the subsequent membrane treatment process, so it is urgent to develop a high efficiency. The method of removing oil with less side effect. In this paper, the pollution load of waste water is reduced by high efficiency extraction process. The experimental results show that: compared with 1: 4, it can meet the requirement of oil removal by extraction. The efficiency of oil removal can reach more than 90%, and the operational problems such as equipment scaling caused by oil can be alleviated. The extraction method is a new method for separating oil from water in oily wastewater, and the effect of oil removal is good. The extractant can be recycled, and the oil in water can be recovered, and the distillation and separation process of oil and extractant can be simulated by Aspen Plus software. The results show that the oil and extractant can meet the separation requirements. Because the oil will cause the equipment scaling during the operation of the chemical process equipment, it will not only seriously endanger the safe operation of the equipment. Therefore, we need to develop a kind of cleaning agent with good cleaning ability. By studying the scaling and cleaning mechanism of coal chemical equipment, we should start with the safety and stability of cleaning agent. Using water as the main solvent, adding a proper amount of surfactant AEO-9: 1, AES: 3, OP-10: 4k.High boiling point organic solvent (ethylene glycol butyl ether: 20). Cleaning auxiliaries (sodium tripolyphosphate: 3, silicate: 0.5, appropriate amount of sodium hydroxide). Through the performance evaluation experiment, the solubility can reach about 75%. The industrial test results show that. The cleaning agent has a strong scale removal ability. After 5 hours of cleaning, the sediment in the equipment can be removed thoroughly by the on-line cleaning device.
【学位授予单位】：青岛科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X784

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