地下输油管道泄漏污染物迁移与残留实验研究

发布时间：2018-01-15 16:19

本文关键词：地下输油管道泄漏污染物迁移与残留实验研究　出处：《东北石油大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：地下输油管道泄漏是石油行业中多发的一种运输事故,由于泄漏污染物中含有多种有毒物质,会对泄漏场地附近的环境造成巨大的破坏,而且泄漏污染物在自然环境中难以降解,研究地下输油管道泄漏污染物的迁移与残留对污染物检测和当地环境修复具有重要意义。本文通过地下输油管道泄漏污染物迁移与残留实验,探讨泄漏污染物在土壤类多孔介质中的污染范围和分布,分析其迁移过程的影响因素规律,可为数值模拟地下输油管道泄漏过程提供基础实验数据,也为地下输油管道泄漏的光纤和红外等方法检测、污染物迁移控制和污染土壤的修复提供支持。为研究地下输油管道泄漏污染物迁移及残留规律,本文设计搭建了多孔介质可视化迁移规律实验装置,包括5个组成部分:(1)供液和加热系统;(2)可视化实验箱体;(3)污染物扩散范围采集装置;(4)泄漏量稳定装置;(5)温湿度采集系统。地下输油管道泄漏污染物迁移平台,包括5个组成部分:(1)大流量供液和加热系统,(2)实地泄漏环境模拟多层砂箱,(3)温湿度数据采集系统,(4)管路稳定系统,(5)冻土环境模拟系统。可以实现稳定供液、控制液体温度、温湿度测量、泄漏迁移过程可视化研究、大流量供液条件和实地泄漏环境模拟。利用搭建的实验装置平台,进行了不同粒径下的污染物扩散迁移实验,比较了粒径、温度和流体种类对其扩散的影响,分析了其迁移及残留的规律。利用地下输油管道泄漏污染物迁移实验平台,分析了流体种类、泄漏量以及多孔介质条件对泄漏污染物迁移及残留的影响。通过本文研究,初步建立了地下输油管道泄漏污染物迁移及残留的实验装置,获得了不同多孔介质条件下泄漏污染物迁移过程的基本规律,为进一步研究地下输油管道泄漏污染物迁移及残留奠定了基础,为相关技术领域的工程设计及分析提供了参考。
[Abstract]:Underground oil pipeline leakage is a kind of transportation accident in petroleum industry. Because the leakage pollutants contain a variety of toxic substances, it will cause huge damage to the environment near the leakage site. Moreover, it is difficult to degrade the leaking pollutants in the natural environment. It is of great significance to study the migration and residual of pollutants in underground oil pipelines for the detection of pollutants and local environmental remediation. This paper through the underground pipeline leakage of pollutants migration and residual experiments. In order to provide basic experimental data for numerical simulation of the leakage process of underground oil pipelines, the range and distribution of leakage pollutants in porous soil media are discussed, and the influencing factors of the migration process are analyzed. It also provides support for optical fiber and infrared detection of underground oil pipeline leakage, pollutant migration control and remediation of contaminated soil. In this paper, an experimental device for visual migration of porous media is designed and built, including five components: 1) liquid supply and heating system. 2) Visual experimental box; (3) Pollutant diffusion range acquisition device; (4) leakage stabilization device; (5) temperature and humidity acquisition system. Underground oil pipeline leakage pollutant transfer platform, including five components: 1) large flow liquid supply system and heating system No.2) Field leakage environment simulation multi-layer sand tank. (3) the temperature and humidity data acquisition system, No. 4) the pipeline stabilization system and the freezing soil environment simulation system, which can realize the visualization research of steady liquid supply, control of liquid temperature, measurement of temperature and humidity, leakage and migration process. The experiment of pollutant diffusion and migration under different particle size was carried out, and the effects of particle size, temperature and fluid type on the diffusion were compared. The migration and residual laws are analyzed, and the types of fluid are analyzed by using the experimental platform of pollutant migration in underground oil pipeline leakage. The effects of leakage volume and porous media conditions on the migration and residue of leakage pollutants. Through the study of this paper, a preliminary experimental device for the migration and residue of leakage pollutants in underground oil pipelines was established. The basic rules of leakage pollutant migration under different porous media conditions were obtained, which laid a foundation for further study of leakage pollutant migration and residual in underground oil pipeline. It provides a reference for engineering design and analysis in related technical fields.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X74;X53

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