机动车ASM尾气排放检测系统设计与控制方法研究

发布时间：2018-01-19 07:33

本文关键词： 尾气检测电涡流测功机废气分析仪模糊PID Simulink仿真　出处：《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本论文主要从理论和实践两方面出发，研究了机动车ASM尾气排放检测系统实际应用的问题和系统控制方法的相关理论，针对国家环保标准对稳态工况法汽车尾气检测系统的要求，开发出一套能够满足检测标准要求的尾气排放检测系统，同时为了实现更好的控制精度，寻找一种最优的控制方法。根据GB18285-2005，设计了检测系统的整体方案，主要从实现基本功能、满足检测要求、方便操作、提高控制精度等几方面出发，设计稳态工况法汽车尾气检测系统的硬件结构和软件框架。硬件方面主要从机械设计和电器结构两方面设计，主要包括：传感器信号采集与处理单元、举升控制单元、司机助的设计、涡流机加载控制单元的设计、反拖电机控制单元的设计，并详细介绍了各个部分的结构及功能；软件方面主要从模块化的思想进行设计，主要包括：车辆基本信息登陆模块、车辆检索模块、工况法检测模块、传感器标定模块、系统参数设置模块、废气分析仪校准模块、底盘测功机校准模块。本检测系统具有检测灵活、界面友好、可移植性强的特点，能够满足国家对汽车尾气检测系统的要求。通过对电涡流测功机的工作特性分析和机动车ASM尾气排放检测系统的研究，分析PID控制算法和模糊控制算法的优缺点，以及适用范围，使用Simulink仿真软件进行建模仿真，搭建PID控制、模糊控制以及模糊PID控制仿真控制模型，对比分析PID控制、模糊控制以及模糊PID控制对本系统的控制精度和动态响应。由于模糊PID控制相对于PID控制、模糊控制具有收敛快、震荡小的特点，最终选用模糊PID混合控制为本系统的加载控制方式。应用所开发的系统，进行汽车尾气排放检测试验，记录不同基准质量车型加载扭矩与时间的数据，同理想的加载曲线进行对比，分析实际加载曲线与理想加载曲线的变化趋势以及测试值与理论值的误差，计算测试误差精度，最终能够确定本系统具有较高的控制精度，，能够满足测试要求。综上所述，本文首先根据国家环保标准的要求，从理论和实践的角度出发，开发机动车ASM尾气排放检测系统，主要包括硬件和软件的设计、控制算法的选取以及通过实车试验测试系统的控制精度。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly from the theory and the practice two aspects, has studied the vehicle ASM exhaust emission detection system practical application question and the system control method correlation theory. According to the requirements of the national environmental protection standard for the vehicle exhaust detection system under steady operating conditions, a set of exhaust emission detection system which can meet the requirements of the detection standard is developed, and in order to achieve better control accuracy. To find an optimal control method. According to GB18285-2005, the whole scheme of the testing system is designed, which mainly starts from several aspects, such as realizing the basic functions, satisfying the inspection requirements, facilitating the operation, improving the control precision and so on. The hardware structure and software framework of the vehicle exhaust detection system under steady working conditions are designed. The hardware is mainly designed from two aspects of mechanical design and electrical structure, including: sensor signal acquisition and processing unit. Lift control unit, driver aided design, eddy current machine loading control unit design, reverse towing motor control unit design, and detailed introduction of each part of the structure and function; Software design mainly from the modular idea, including: vehicle basic information landing module, vehicle retrieval module, working condition detection module, sensor calibration module, system parameter setting module. The calibration module of exhaust gas analyzer and the calibration module of chassis dynamometer. The detection system is characterized by flexible detection, friendly interface and strong portability, which can meet the requirements of the national automobile exhaust detection system. Through the analysis of the working characteristics of the eddy current dynamometer and the study of the vehicle ASM emission detection system, the advantages and disadvantages of the PID control algorithm and the fuzzy control algorithm, as well as the applicable range are analyzed. Modeling and simulation using Simulink simulation software, PID control, fuzzy control and fuzzy PID control simulation control model, comparative analysis of PID control. The precision and dynamic response of fuzzy control and fuzzy PID control to this system. Because fuzzy PID control is relative to PID control, fuzzy control has the characteristics of fast convergence and small oscillation. Finally, fuzzy PID hybrid control is chosen as the loading control mode of the system. Using the developed system, the vehicle exhaust emission detection test is carried out, and the data of loading torque and time of different reference quality models are recorded, and compared with the ideal loading curve. The change trend of the actual loading curve and the ideal loading curve and the error between the test value and the theoretical value are analyzed, and the accuracy of the test error is calculated. Finally, it can be determined that the system has a higher control accuracy. Able to meet test requirements. To sum up, according to the requirements of national environmental protection standards, this paper first from the theoretical and practical point of view, the development of vehicle ASM emission detection system, including the design of hardware and software. The selection of control algorithm and the control accuracy of the test system through real vehicle test.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X734.2;U467.48

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