福建省农业面源污染形势估计及治理

发布时间：2018-01-20 12:07

本文关键词： 农业面源污染福建省误差修正模型环境库兹涅茨理论　出处：《福建师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：农业面源污染是导致地下水污染和水体富营养化的主要原因,不易观察,保护水源与防治面源污染比治理大气污染和保护空气更为重要。建设生态文明和美丽乡村,努力实现“中国梦”,福建省当前面临的农业面源污染问题,是福建省建设现代化农业过程中在农业领域遇到的一大难题。通过分析福建省农业面源污染的现状、成因、危害及福建省治理面源污染方面的不足,运用单元调查法对农业面源污染的单元分类和测算,构造了反映福建省人均农业产出与人均面源污染的环境库兹涅茨曲线,得出福建省农业产出与面源污染之间存在“倒U型”曲线关系,人均过剩磷的拐点是人均农业产出0.79万元,过剩氮的拐点是0.80万元,实证分析显示福建省农业面源污染程度正处于高水平均衡状态。不同国家或者地区在治理农业面源污染方面已经做出了很多努力,并且积累了丰富的经验,为福建省提供了可借鉴的经验。根据国内外先进经验的启示,认为福建省政府应当在加强政府主导完善环保法规、对面源污染进行分类管控、增加对农业生产方面的科研投入、发展硬件技术条件的同时注重软环境的培养,以及对农民进行环保教育提高农民群众环保意识等方面做出改进和努力。
[Abstract]:Agricultural non-point source pollution is the main cause of groundwater pollution and eutrophication of water body, which is difficult to observe. It is more important to protect water resources and prevent non-point source pollution than to control air pollution and to protect air. To build ecological civilization and beautiful villages and to realize "Chinese Dream", Fujian Province is facing the problem of agricultural non-point source pollution. It is a difficult problem in the field of agriculture in the course of constructing modern agriculture in Fujian Province. Through the analysis of the present situation, causes, harm of agricultural non-point source pollution in Fujian Province and the deficiency of controlling non-point source pollution in Fujian Province. The environmental Kuznets curve reflecting the per capita agricultural output and per capita non-point source pollution in Fujian Province was constructed by using the unit survey method to classify and measure the agricultural non-point source pollution. The relationship between agricultural output and non-point source pollution in Fujian Province is "inverted U-shaped" curve. The inflection point of per capita excess phosphorus is 7,900 yuan per capita and the inflection point of excess nitrogen is 8,000 yuan. Empirical analysis shows that the level of agricultural non-point source pollution in Fujian Province is in a high level of equilibrium. Different countries or regions have made a lot of efforts to control agricultural non-point source pollution and accumulated rich experience. According to the enlightenment of the advanced experience at home and abroad, the Fujian provincial government should strengthen the government to take the lead to improve the environmental protection laws and regulations, and control the non-point source pollution by classification. Increasing scientific research investment in agricultural production, developing hardware technical conditions and paying attention to the cultivation of soft environment, as well as carrying out environmental protection education to farmers and raising farmers' awareness of environmental protection, etc.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X71;X52

【引证文献】