辽河三角洲滨海湿地生态系统功能提升研究

发布时间：2018-01-20 15:01

本文关键词： 滨海湿地生态系统功能提升辽河三角洲　出处：《延边大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：滨海湿地是位于陆地生态系统与海洋生态系统交错的过渡地带,具有独立特殊功能的生态系统。滨海湿地的生态系统服务功能,在构建可持续的、人与自然关系和谐发展的社会中,具有重要作用。近年来,随着经济和社会的迅速发展,人们对滨海湿地的保护管理意识日渐提高。由于自然因素和人为行动的破坏,滨海湿地面积逐渐减少,生态功能不断下降,对海洋生态安全造成了严重威胁。因此,滨海湿地生态系统服务功能价值提升推广研究刻不容缓。通过对辽河三角洲滨海湿地生态系统在面积退化、污染严重、遭受干扰、法律法规方面的现状分析,指出了目前存在的主要问题包括滨海湿地面积减少、水利工程年久失修、生态系统不断退化和人为干扰破坏严重五个方面,存在问题的主要原因是不合理地开发利用、资金投入不足、管理机制不健全、河流水质不断恶化和公众保护意识淡薄五个方面,本文针对滨海湿地目前的现状、存在的问题及原因,通过学习借鉴国内外提升滨海湿地生态系统功能价值的经验,结合建设美丽盘锦的发展前景,提出了辽河三角洲滨海湿地生态系统功能提升的对策,主要包括加强法律法规与执法队伍建设、建立生态效益补偿制度、加强保护管理制度建设、建立污染防控监督机制和加强监督机制建设五个方面。本文通过对提升辽河三角洲滨海湿地生态系统功能价值的保护管理模式,在全国推广的条件、实施的合理性、可行性分析,提出了推广辽河三角洲滨海湿地生态系统功能提升研究的具体措施及注意的问题。
[Abstract]:Littoral wetland is located in the transitional zone of terrestrial ecosystem and marine ecosystem with independent special function. The ecosystem service function of coastal wetland is sustainable. In the society where the relationship between man and nature develops harmoniously, it plays an important role. In recent years, with the rapid development of economy and society. Due to the destruction of natural factors and human actions, the area of coastal wetland is gradually reduced, and the ecological function is declining. Therefore, it is urgent to promote and popularize the value of coastal wetland ecosystem services. Through the degradation of coastal wetland ecosystem in the Liaohe River Delta, the pollution is serious. After being disturbed and analyzing the current situation of laws and regulations, the paper points out that the main problems at present include the reduction of coastal wetland area and the old disrepair of water conservancy projects. The main causes of the problems are unreasonable development and utilization, insufficient capital investment and imperfect management mechanism. The river water quality continues to deteriorate and the public protection consciousness is weak in five aspects. This paper aims at the present situation of coastal wetland, existing problems and reasons. Through learning from the experience of improving the function of coastal wetland ecosystem at home and abroad and combining with the development prospect of constructing beautiful pan-brocade, this paper puts forward the countermeasures of improving the function of coastal wetland ecosystem in Liaohe River Delta. It mainly includes strengthening the construction of laws and regulations and law enforcement team, establishing ecological benefit compensation system, and strengthening the construction of protection management system. To establish pollution prevention and control supervision mechanism and strengthen the construction of the monitoring mechanism. This paper through the Liaohe River Delta coastal wetland ecosystem value of the protection and management model, the conditions for promotion in the country. The rationality and feasibility of the implementation are analyzed, and the measures and problems to be paid attention to are put forward to popularize the study of improving the ecosystem function of coastal wetland in Liaohe River Delta.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X171.4

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