我国典型陆地生态系统固碳重要区范围界定

发布时间：2018-01-23 04:52

本文关键词： 碳储量碳汇固碳潜力固碳重要区典型陆地生态系统　出处：《环境科学研究》2016年12期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：全球变暖已成为当今最主要的全球性环境问题之一,建立固碳重要区也是应对全球气候变化的重要途径之一.根据我国陆地生态系统现状以及固碳相关的最新研究结果和政府文件,以森林、草地生态系统为主要研究对象,采用GIS空间叠置分析方法,界定我国典型陆地生态系统固碳重要区(注:涉及"全国"的各要素范围均未包含港澳台地区)的空间范围.研究结果:固碳重要区评价指标体系包括生态系统碳储量、碳汇和固碳潜力3个核心因子,界定过程包括界定范围选择、固碳高值区识别、固碳重要区范围确定和分区命名等步骤.在全国尺度界定了森林、草地两大类共计20个固碳重要区,总面积285.6×104km2.其中,森林生态系统固碳重要区主要分布在我国东北部、西南部的深山区和东南部的山地丘陵,草地生态系统固碳重要区主要分布在内蒙古高原中东部、新疆西北部山地和青藏高原东南部.固碳重要区面积占全国国土总面积的29.8%,所提供的NPP(净初级生产力)量占全国NPP总量的40.7%,固碳能力是全国平均水平的1.37倍.固碳重要区范围界定结果符合"以较小面积获取较大服务"原则,适于作为我国实现碳减排目标的优先保护区域.
[Abstract]:Global warming has become one of the most important global environmental problems. The establishment of important carbon sequestration areas is also one of the important ways to deal with global climate change. According to the status of terrestrial ecosystems and carbon sequestration related to the latest research results and government documents to forest. Grassland ecosystem as the main research object, using GIS spatial superposition analysis method. Defining the important areas of carbon sequestration in typical terrestrial ecosystems in China (Note: the scope of all elements involved in "the whole country" does not include Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan). Results: the evaluation index system of important carbon sequestration area includes ecosystem carbon storage. The three core factors of carbon sink and carbon sequestration potential include the selection of definition range, the identification of high carbon sequestration area, the determination of important carbon sequestration area and the designation of carbon sequestration area. The forest is defined at the national scale. There are 20 major carbon sequestration areas in the grassland, with a total area of 285.6 脳 10 ~ 4 km ~ 2. The main carbon sequestration areas of forest ecosystem are mainly distributed in the northeast of China. Deep mountains in the southwest and hilly areas in the southeast, the major areas of grassland ecosystem carbon sequestration are mainly distributed in the central and eastern part of Inner Mongolia Plateau. The area of carbon sequestration in the mountainous region of northwest Xinjiang and the southeast of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau accounts for 29.8% of the total land area of China, and the amount of NPP (net primary productivity) provided accounts for 40.7% of the total NPP of China. The ability of carbon sequestration is 1.37 times of the national average. The result of the definition of the scope of the important carbon sequestration area accords with the principle of "obtaining a larger service in a small area", and is suitable for the priority protection area of our country to achieve the carbon emission reduction target.
【作者单位】：中国环境科学研究院;环境保护部南京环境科学研究所;
【基金】：国家重点研发计划专项(2016YFB0501505) 国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2012AA12A310)
【分类号】：X171
【正文快照】： 自工业革命以来,人类活动向大气排放了大量的温室气体(如CO2、CH4、N2O),目前这3种温室气体的浓度正在以前所未有的速度增加,年增加量分别为1.5 m L湓m3、4μL湓m3、0.8μL湓m3[1].温室气体改变了陆地生态系统碳、氮平衡,导致全球变暖、氮沉降增加,由此而引起的全球环境变化亦

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