中国主要河湖水生态综合评价

发布时间：2018-01-23 11:46

本文关键词： 水资源保护规划河湖健康水生态评价　出处：《水利学报》2016年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：河湖水生态综合评价是水资源保护规划工作的重要内容之一。本文从水文水资源、水环境、河湖生境形态、生物及栖息地状况等方面,构建了包含生态基流满足程度、水功能区水质达标率、湖库富营养化指数、纵向连通性、重要湿地保留率及鱼类生境等6个指标构成的河湖水生态综合评价体系。在此基础上,对全国673条河流、97座水库和100个湖泊湿地共计1006个规划河段和湖库的水生态状况进行了评价和分类,分析了我国各大流域河湖面临的水生态问题。研究成果对我国主要河湖水生态保护和修复工作的实践具有重要的指导意义。
[Abstract]:The comprehensive evaluation of river and lake water ecology is one of the important contents of water resources protection planning. This paper focuses on the aspects of hydrological water resources, water environment, habitat morphology of rivers and lakes, biology and habitat conditions, and so on. The structure includes the degree of satisfaction of ecological basic flow, the water quality of water function area, the eutrophication index of lake and reservoir, and the longitudinal connectivity. On the basis of the comprehensive evaluation system of river and lake water ecology composed of the important wetland reserve rate and fish habitat, 673 rivers in China were studied. The water ecological status of 97 reservoirs and 100 lakes and wetlands was evaluated and classified in a total of 1006 planned reaches and reservoirs. In this paper, the problems of water ecology in major rivers and lakes in China are analyzed. The research results have important guiding significance for the practice of water ecological protection and restoration in main rivers and lakes in China.
【作者单位】：水利部水利水电规划设计总院;中国电力工程顾问集团华北电力设计院工程有限公司;
【基金】：基金项目:水利部全国水资源保护规划
【分类号】：X826
【正文快照】： 1研究背景水是生命之源、生产之要、生态之基[1]。当前,水资源短缺、水污染严重和水生态退化仍然是制约我国经济社会可持续发展的主要瓶颈之一。根据《全国水资源综合规划》,目前全国多年平均缺水量为536亿m3,部分地区水资源开发利用率超过100%,北方地区主要河流多年平均挤占

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