电絮凝结合净油机收获城市污水培养微藻系统中藻体

发布时间：2018-01-24 17:35

本文关键词： 微藻电絮凝净油机城市污水　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：面对能源危机和环境污染的双重威胁,利用城市污水培养微藻既能缓解能源危机,又能为水处理提供新途径。微藻能够利用城市污水中的碳、氮、磷等有机污染物作为自身生长所必需的营养物质,从而达到去除水中污染物的目的;同时培养出来的微藻因为含有丰富的油脂,可以作为生物柴油的原材料,又能起到缓解能源危机的目的。微藻收获作为整个微藻生物柴油工艺中的关键环节,却因为微藻直径小、藻液浓度低,现有方法很难大规模应用,成为整个工艺的限制步骤。本论文希望通过对电絮凝结合净油机的新工艺进行参数优化,以期解决微藻收获方法难以工业化应用的难题。通过文献调研和对课题组前期工作的总结,确定了论文各部分的影响因素和考察指标。论文第一部分对净油机单独收获微藻工艺进行单因子、多因子优化;第二部分对电絮凝收获微藻工艺进行单因子、多因子优化;最后再对组合工艺的采收效果和工业化前景进行探索。电絮凝结合净油机收获微藻的方法是可行的,并优化得到最佳工艺参数,该工艺参数下的采收速率为0.7645 g/min、采收率为84.13%、浓缩倍数高达337.12倍,效果明显。电絮凝结合净油机收获微藻工艺的最佳参数为:电絮凝部分—电极间距1 cm、电流密度0.0300 A/cm2、电解时间10 min、p H 5.5;净油机部分—转速28000 r/min、进水流速57 L/h、藻液浓度1.2 g/L、p H 6.0。电絮凝结合净油机收获微藻工艺对油脂提取和所提取出的油脂成分均不会产生影响,证明该工艺在技术上可行。同时,成本分析也验证了组合工艺大规模工业化应用的可能性。电絮凝结合净油收获微藻工艺每阶段的出水水质均达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB18918-2002)一级排放标准,部分指标达到一级A排放标准,证明微藻生物柴油工艺在缓解能源危机的同时可以为污水处理提供新的途径。理论计算得到电絮凝的阳极(铝电极)使用寿命为13.27 h,可以在最优条件下进行的电絮凝实验次数为80次。
[Abstract]:In the face of the dual threat of energy crisis and environmental pollution, using municipal sewage to cultivate microalgae can not only alleviate the energy crisis, but also provide a new way for water treatment. Microalgae can utilize carbon and nitrogen in municipal sewage. Phosphorus and other organic pollutants as the necessary nutrients for their own growth, so as to achieve the purpose of removing pollutants in water; The microalgae can be used as the raw material of biodiesel and can alleviate the energy crisis because of its rich oil. The microalgae harvest is the key link in the whole microalgae biodiesel process. However, because of the small diameter of microalgae and the low concentration of algae liquid, the existing methods are difficult to be applied on a large scale and become the limiting steps of the whole process. This paper hopes to optimize the parameters of the new process of electroflocculation combined with oil purifier. In order to solve the problem that microalgae harvesting method is difficult to be applied in industrialization. Through literature research and summary of the previous work of the research group. In the first part of the paper, the single factor and multi-factor optimization of microalgae harvesting process of oil purifier was carried out. In the second part, the single factor and multi-factor optimization of electroflocculation and harvesting of microalgae were carried out. Finally, the effect of the combined process and the prospect of industrialization were explored. The method of electroflocculation combined with oil purifier for microalgae harvesting was feasible, and the optimum technological parameters were obtained. The recovery rate is 0.7645 g / min, the recovery factor is 84.13 and the concentration multiple is 337.12 times. The optimum parameters of electrocoagulation combined with oil purifying machine for microalgae harvesting were as follows: electroflocculation part-electrode spacing 1 cm, current density 0.0300 A / cm 2, electrolysis time 10 min. PH5.5; Oil purifier part-rotational speed 28000 r / min, influent velocity 57 L / h, algae concentration 1.2 g / L. PH6.0. electroflocculation combined with oil purifying machine harvest microalgae process will not affect the oil extraction and extract oil components, it is proved that this process is technically feasible. At the same time. Cost analysis also verifies the possibility of large-scale industrial application of the combined process. The effluent quality of microalgae in each stage of electroflocculation combined with oil purification process is up to the pollutant discharge standard for municipal wastewater treatment plants (. First class emission standard (GB18918-2002). Some of the indicators meet the first A emission standard. It is proved that the microalgae biodiesel process can provide a new way for wastewater treatment while alleviating the energy crisis. The service life of the electroflocculating anode (aluminum electrode) is 13.27 h by theoretical calculation. The number of times of electroflocculation can be 80 times under the optimum conditions.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X703.1

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