京津风沙源治理区近10年沙化土地动态变化研究

发布时间：2018-01-26 08:40

  本文关键词： 京津风沙源地区 植被指数 沙化动态变化 驱动力　出处：《中国地质大学(北京)》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本研究主要利用时间序列的生态遥感产品,同时结合野外调查数据,相关气象、地理环境等数据,研究京津风沙源地区土地沙化现状、2000-2010年的变化情况及驱动因素,以评估京津风沙源治理工程区的实施效果。首先,以历史沙化数据作为基础,并结合植被区划、土地利用、气候、风蚀、NDVI等数据评估了2010年沙化现状,明确了沙化土地总面积、不同沙化等级面积及空间分布特征;然后,根据2000-2010年NDVI数据提取不同年份沙化等级分布状况,并分析11年间的沙化总面积与分布范围的时空变化规律。最后采用灰色关联度及相关分析方法从自然条件变化和人为活动影响两方面分析区域沙化土地变化的主要驱动力。结果表明:(1)获取京津风沙源地区的年均NDVI阈值在0.2-0.45间。(2)综合考虑风蚀、土地利用类型及气候等资料,采用NDVI阈值方法提取的沙化土地结果较为理想,且阈值设为0.45的时候与实际较为符合,吻合率为81.00%,而不采用历史资料的吻合率仅为68%。(3)2010年京津风沙源区总沙化面积为22.10万km2,占研究区总面积的22.1%,其中重度以上等级占56.46%,主要分布在内蒙古中部浑善达克沙地附近。(4)2000-2010年京津风沙源地区沙化总面积总体上呈现先减少后上升的趋势,11年内增加了1.65万km2,但重度及以上沙化面积减少了0.17万km2。(5)内蒙东部的赤峰市东北部和锡林浩特市东部等地区土地沙化程度恶化较为明显;而在锡林格勒盟中部、山西北部大同、朔州市及河北张家口市,沙化程度有所减轻。(6)GDP、温度、降水对沙化土地有不同程度的影响,其中降水与沙化面积之间呈现显著负相关,而GDP、温度与沙化面积之间呈现正相关关系;GDP与沙地的关联度最高,且相对贡献率最大,这表明人为活动对土地沙化有极为重要的影响。土地利用类型中,草地是沙地最主要的来源。
[Abstract]:This study mainly uses the time series of ecological remote sensing products, combined with field survey data, related meteorological, geographical environment data, to study the status of land desertification in Beijing and Tianjin sandstorm source area. From 2000 to 2010, the changes and driving factors were used to evaluate the implementation effect of Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm source control project area. Firstly, based on historical desertification data and combined with vegetation regionalization, land use. Climate, wind erosion, NDVI and other data evaluated the status of desertification in 2010, determined the total area of desertification land, different desertification grade area and spatial distribution characteristics. Then, according to the NDVI data from 2000 to 2010, the distribution of desertification grade in different years was extracted. The temporal and spatial changes of the total area and distribution of desertification in 11 years were analyzed. Finally, grey correlation degree and correlation analysis method were used to analyze the change of regional desertification land from the two aspects of natural condition change and human activity influence. Main driving forces. The results show that:. (. 1) the annual NDVI threshold of the source area of Beijing and Tianjin is 0.2-0.45) wind erosion is considered synthetically. The data of land use type and climate, the result of sandy land extracted by NDVI threshold method is ideal, and when the threshold value is set to 0. 45, it is in good agreement with the actual situation, and the coincidence rate is 81.00%. In 2010, the total area of desertification was 221,000 km ~ 2, accounting for 22.1% of the total area of the study area. More than 56.46% of them were severe. The total area of desertification in the sandstorm source area of Beijing and Tianjin from 2000 to 2010 mainly distributed near Hunshandake sandy land in the central part of Inner Mongolia showed a trend of first decreasing and then rising. There was an increase of 16,500 km2 in 11 years. However, the area of heavy and above desertification decreased by 1,700 km2. 5) in the eastern part of Inner Mongolia, in the northeast of Chifeng and the eastern part of Xilinhaote, the degree of land desertification deteriorated obviously. In the central part of Sillingrad, Datong in northern Shanxi, Shuozhou City and Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province, the degree of desertification has been reduced to a certain extent, and the temperature and precipitation have different effects on the desertified land. There was a significant negative correlation between precipitation and desertification area, and a positive correlation between GDP, temperature and desertification area. The correlation between GDP and sandy land is the highest and the relative contribution rate is the largest, which indicates that anthropogenic activities have an extremely important effect on land desertification. Among the land use types, grassland is the most important source of sandy land.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X171.1
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本文编号：1465192