甘肃省生态足迹分析评价

发布时间：2018-01-28 04:54

本文关键词： 甘肃省生态足迹生态评价　出处：《兰州财经大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：合理利用资源、保护生态环境,实现我国经济与资源环境的协调发展,是当前发展阶段我们必须要解决的问题。要做到经济资源的合理利用以及可持续发展,我们必须要对自身的生态状况有着清楚地认识和了解,所以对生态状况的定量分析就成为了我们关注以及研究的焦点。生态足迹模型是定量评价生态状况和可持续发展能力的重要模型,自问世以来得到了广泛应用。但在实际应用过程中,也存在着缺乏代表性、账户不完善等诸多问题。为了能够让生态足迹模型的测量结果能够更为准确的描述和反应我国的生态状况,本文通过引用“国家公顷”概念,增加污染物账户和水资源账户对传统生态足迹模型进行改进,并以甘肃省为例,对其2006-2012年间的生态状况进行了测算和分析。并在此基础上对甘肃省2006-2012年间生态状况及可持续发展状况进行了评价。归纳得出如下结论:(1)从生态盈余/赤字上看,由于经济的迅速发展,资源需求的不断加大,导致甘肃省在2006-2012年期间,总生态足迹和人均生态足迹均在不断上升,而同期由于生态承载力和人均生态承载力的下降,导致甘肃省2006-2012年的生态环境不断恶化。(2)从分类结构上看,甘肃省在2006-2012年期间,人均生态足迹最大的是耕地,高于其他类型的生物生产性土地,但由于其整体变化比较平稳,在这期间直接影响着人均生态足迹的变化趋势的是化石能源用地的生态足迹。而对于人均生态承载力,由于甘肃省近年来耕地资源压力的不断增大,其对甘肃省近年来人均生态承载力的不断恶化贡献最大。(3)万元GDP生态足迹在2006-2012年期间呈下降趋势,这说明甘肃省近年来经济在快速发展,GDP的增长幅度大于生态足迹的增长幅度。(4)通过对甘肃省生态足迹多样性指数的发展趋势观察,发现甘肃省生态足迹多样性指数有递减趋势,表明甘肃省各类土地的利用类型越来越不均衡。此外通过对甘肃省发展能力指数的发展趋势观察,发现甘肃省的生态经济系统发展能力由于近几年生态足迹的不断增加整体上也呈略微上升趋势。
[Abstract]:Rational utilization of resources, protection of ecological environment, and coordinated development of our economy and resources and environment are the problems we must solve at the present stage of development, so as to achieve rational utilization of economic resources and sustainable development. We must have a clear understanding of our own ecological situation. Therefore, the quantitative analysis of ecological status has become the focus of our attention and research. Ecological footprint model is an important model for quantitative evaluation of ecological status and sustainable development ability. It has been widely used since it came out, but in the process of practical application, there is also a lack of representativeness. In order to make the measurement results of ecological footprint model more accurate to describe and reflect the ecological situation in China, this paper cites the concept of "national hectare". Adding pollutant accounts and water resources accounts to improve the traditional ecological footprint model, and taking Gansu Province as an example. The ecological status of Gansu Province from 2006 to 2012 was measured and analyzed, and the ecological status and sustainable development of Gansu Province from 2006 to 2012 were evaluated. The conclusions are as follows:. (. 1) from the perspective of ecological surplus / deficit. Due to the rapid development of economy and the increasing demand for resources, the total ecological footprint and the per capita ecological footprint of Gansu Province are rising in 2006-2012. The decline of ecological carrying capacity and per capita ecological carrying capacity in the same period led to the deterioration of ecological environment in Gansu Province from 2006 to 2012. Between 2006 and 2012, the largest ecological footprint per capita in Gansu Province is cultivated land, which is higher than other types of biological productive land, but its overall change is relatively stable. During this period, it is the ecological footprint of fossil energy land that has a direct impact on the change trend of per capita ecological footprint. However, for the ecological carrying capacity per capita, the pressure of cultivated land resources in Gansu Province has been increasing in recent years. In recent years, its contribution to the deterioration of ecological carrying capacity per capita in Gansu Province is the largest. (3) the ecological footprint of RMB 10,000 yuan (GDP) showed a downward trend during the period of 2006-2012. This shows that the rapid economic development in Gansu Province in recent years the GDP growth range is larger than the ecological footprint growth range. 4) through the Gansu Province ecological footprint diversity index development trend observation. It is found that the diversity index of ecological footprint in Gansu Province has a decreasing trend, which indicates that the land use types in Gansu Province are becoming more and more unbalanced. In addition, the development trend of the development ability index of Gansu Province is observed. It is found that the development ability of ecological economic system in Gansu Province has a slight upward trend as a whole due to the increasing ecological footprint in recent years.
【学位授予单位】：兰州财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X22

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